Sunlight causes more cancers in man than does any other known carcinogen. Studies in this country more than 20 years ago implicating ultra-violet light as a factor in the aetiology of malignant melanoma are being ratified by epidemiologic studies in the United States. In the US, the death rate from melanoma has doubled in the last 15 years. Australian cancer registries have shown this to be so (from recorded deaths in capital city registries) for at least two decades. Figures for prevalence and incidence are not available for the non-melanoma epidermal cancers. Routine application of effective topical sunscreens could feasibly reduce the incidence of skin cancers and other skin disorders associated with chronic insolation. Oral photoprotectants are in their infancy, but show promise.
阳光导致人类患癌的情况比任何其他已知致癌物都要多。20多年前在本国进行的将紫外线视为恶性黑色素瘤病因因素之一的研究,正得到美国流行病学研究的认可。在美国,黑色素瘤的死亡率在过去15年中翻了一番。澳大利亚癌症登记处(根据首府城市登记处记录的死亡数据)显示,至少在过去二十年里情况就是如此。非黑色素瘤表皮癌的患病率和发病率数据尚无可用信息。常规使用有效的外用防晒霜有可能降低皮肤癌及其他与长期日晒相关的皮肤疾病的发病率。口服光保护剂尚处于起步阶段,但前景可期。