Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Spain.
Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.
FEBS J. 2019 Mar;286(6):1074-1093. doi: 10.1111/febs.14633. Epub 2018 Aug 27.
Regenerative capacities vary enormously across the animal kingdom. In contrast to most cold-blooded vertebrates, mammals, including humans, have very limited regenerative capacity when it comes to repairing damaged or degenerating tissues. Here, we review the main mechanisms of tissue regeneration, underlying the importance of cell dedifferentiation and reprogramming. We discuss the significance of cell fate and identity changes in the context of regenerative medicine, with a particular focus on strategies aiming at the promotion of the body's self-repairing mechanisms. We also introduce some of the most recent advances that have resulted in complete reprogramming of cell identity in vivo. Lastly, we discuss the main challenges that need to be addressed in the near future to develop in vivo reprogramming approaches with therapeutic potential.
再生能力在动物界差异巨大。与大多数冷血脊椎动物不同，哺乳动物，包括人类，在修复受损或退化组织方面的再生能力非常有限。在这里，我们综述了组织再生的主要机制，强调了细胞去分化和重编程的重要性。我们讨论了细胞命运和身份变化在再生医学背景下的意义，特别关注旨在促进身体自我修复机制的策略。我们还介绍了一些最近的进展，这些进展导致了体内细胞身份的完全重编程。最后，我们讨论了在不久的将来需要解决的主要挑战，以开发具有治疗潜力的体内重编程方法。
