Clinical Trial Center, Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University, 1071, Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-ku, Seoul 07985, Korea.
Department of preventive medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 1071, Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-ku, Seoul 07985, Korea.
Nutrients. 2018 Aug 13;10(8):1077. doi: 10.3390/nu10081077.
Using long-term follow-up cohort data from the Korean Genome Epidemiology Study, we assessed the dietary risk factors for incident hypertension (HTN). In total, 6792 subjects (3300 males and 3492 females) aged 40⁻69 years were included in the study. Physician-diagnosed HTN self-reported by the participants was used as the outcome. Daily intake of 20 food groups was assessed while using a dish-based semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire. After controlling for known risk factors, the food groups that were most closely associated with HTN were identified by forward stepwise selection while using the Cox proportional hazards model. The median follow-up period was 11.5 years (interquartile range, 6.0⁻11.7 years) and the incidence of HTN was 20 per 1000 person-years. Older age, obesity, lower education level, high alcohol intake, and having at least one parent with HTN were associated with the risk for HTN. In addition, a high intake of salted seafood and a low intake of eggs and meat were independently associated with the incidence of HTN after controlling for the known risk factors. Those in the top quartile of salted seafood intake had a 28% greater risk for incident HTN than those in the bottom quartile. The population-attributable fraction of three dietary factors accounted for 29.0% of the incidence of HTN. A high intake of salted seafood and a low intake of eggs and meat were associated with a greater risk for HTN.
利用韩国基因流行病学研究的长期随访队列数据，我们评估了高血压（HTN）发病的饮食危险因素。共有 6792 名年龄在 40-69 岁的受试者（3300 名男性和 3492 名女性）纳入了这项研究。参与者报告的医生诊断的 HTN 被用作结局。使用基于餐盘的半定量食物频率问卷评估了 20 种食物组的每日摄入量。在控制了已知的危险因素后，使用 Cox 比例风险模型通过向前逐步选择确定与 HTN 最密切相关的食物组。中位随访期为 11.5 年（四分位距，6.0-11.7 年），HTN 的发病率为每 1000 人年 20 例。年龄较大、肥胖、教育程度较低、大量饮酒以及至少有一位患有 HTN 的父母与 HTN 风险相关。此外，在控制了已知的危险因素后，高盐海产品摄入量和低鸡蛋及肉类摄入量与 HTN 的发生独立相关。与最低四分位数相比，盐海产品摄入量最高四分位数的个体发生 HTN 的风险增加 28%。这三种饮食因素的人群归因分数占 HTN 发病率的 29.0%。高盐海产品摄入量和低鸡蛋及肉类摄入量与 HTN 风险增加相关。
