Department of Psychology & Methods/Focus Area Diversity, Jacobs University Bremen.
Department of Prävention, AOK Bundesverband.
Rehabil Psychol. 2018 Aug;63(3):460-467. doi: 10.1037/rep0000210.
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE: After rehabilitation, it is important to maintain adopted target behaviors such as physical activity and physical exercise. By generating detailed behavioral plans, rehabilitants may translate their intentions into actual behavior. The aim of this study was to investigate whether Conscientiousness would further facilitate this mechanism in a way that rehabilitants who are more conscientious would be more likely to act upon their plans. Research Method/Design: The study presents secondary analyses from a larger intervention in cardiac and orthopedic rehabilitation. N = 136 rehabilitants were surveyed via online questionnaires during treatment (Time 1 [T1]) and with computer-assisted telephone interviews (CATIs) 6 weeks (Time 2 [T2]) and 6 months (Time 3 [T3]) after discharge from the clinic. Intention, planning, Conscientiousness, and behavior were measured. A conditional process analysis examined whether Conscientiousness moderates the intention-planning-physical activity chain.
Planning had a mediating effect on intentions and physical activity. Moreover, this mediation effect was conditional on the level of Conscientiousness: Highly conscientious rehabilitants were more successful in translating their plans into behavior than their less conscientious counterparts.
CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS: Self-regulatory mechanisms such as action-facilitating planning strategies may be more efficient in conscientious rehabilitants. Conscientiousness reflects dispositional self-regulation and can be supportive when it comes to maintain difficult behaviors. Lack of Conscientiousness needs to be compensated by more intense support of rehabilitation patients, in order to plan appropriately and to act upon these plans in the face of barriers. (PsycINFO Database Record
目的/目标：康复后，维持已采用的目标行为（如体育活动和体育锻炼）非常重要。通过制定详细的行为计划，康复者可以将自己的意图转化为实际行为。本研究旨在探讨尽责性是否会以一种方式进一步促进这种机制，即更尽责的康复者更有可能按照计划行事。
研究方法/设计：本研究对心脏和骨科康复的一项较大干预研究进行了二次分析。136 名康复者在治疗期间（第 1 次时间点[T1]）通过在线问卷进行了调查，并在出院后 6 周（第 2 次时间点[T2]）和 6 个月（第 3 次时间点[T3]）通过计算机辅助电话访谈（CATIs）进行了调查。测量了意图、计划、尽责性和行为。条件过程分析检验了尽责性是否调节意图-计划-体育活动链。
计划对意图和体育活动具有中介作用。此外，这种中介效应取决于尽责性的水平：高度尽责的康复者比尽责性较低的康复者更成功地将计划转化为行为。
结论/意义：自我调节机制，如促进行动的计划策略，在尽责的康复者中可能更有效。尽责性反映了性格上的自我调节，在维持困难行为时可以提供支持。缺乏尽责性需要通过更强烈的康复患者支持来弥补，以便在面对障碍时适当计划并按照这些计划行事。
