Department of Psychology, University of Tübingen.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2019 Jun;45(6):980-992. doi: 10.1037/xlm0000635. Epub 2018 Aug 16.
Previous studies have provided evidence that introspection about dual-task performance in the psychological refractory period (PRP) paradigm is severely limited. The present study investigated introspection at the other pole of the multitasking continuum, namely task switching. In 2 experiments, participants provided estimates of their response times (i.e., introspective RTs) after each trial in modified versions of the alternating-runs and the task-cuing paradigm, which included only 2 tasks in a trial. In contrast to the previously observed unawareness of dual-task costs in the PRP paradigm, participants reported their switch costs in introspective RTs. Thus, introspection about multitasking performance appears to not always be as limited as in the PRP paradigm. Nevertheless, introspection is not without limits also in task switching. Participants only partly reported the beneficial impact of longer preparation time on their performance. The present results suggest that introspective RTs depend on multiple cues, of which some are valid and some are invalid. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
先前的研究已经证明，在心理不应期（PRP）范式中对双任务表现的内省是严重受限的。本研究在多任务连续体的另一个极端——任务转换——上研究了内省。在 2 个实验中，参与者在修改后的交替运行和任务提示范式中，在每次试验后提供他们的反应时间（即内省 RT）的估计值，该范式中每个试验仅包含 2 个任务。与之前在 PRP 范式中观察到的对双任务成本的无意识相反，参与者在内省 RT 中报告了他们的转换成本。因此，对多任务表现的内省似乎并不总是像 PRP 范式中那样受限。然而，在任务转换中内省也不是没有限制的。参与者仅部分报告了更长的准备时间对其表现的有益影响。本研究结果表明，内省 RT 取决于多个线索，其中一些是有效的，一些是无效的。（心理学信息数据库记录（c）2019APA，保留所有权利）。
