Electrochemical Technology Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road E, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada.
Analyst. 2018 Sep 24;143(19):4537-4554. doi: 10.1039/c8an00497h.
The issue of foodborne related illnesses due to additives and contaminants poses a significant challenge to food processing industries. The efficient, economical and rapid analysis of food additives and contaminants is therefore necessary in order to minimize the risk of public health issues. Electrochemistry offers facile and robust analytical methods, which are desirable for food safety and quality assessment over conventional analytical techniques. The development of a wide array of nanomaterials has paved the way for their applicability in the design of high-performance electrochemical sensing devices for medical diagnostics and environment and food safety. The design of nanomaterial based electrochemical sensors has garnered enormous attention due to their high sensitivity and selectivity, real-time monitoring and ease of use. This review article focuses predominantly on the synthesis and applications of different nanomaterials for the electrochemical determination of some common additives and contaminants, including hydrazine (N2H4), malachite green (MG), bisphenol A (BPA), ascorbic acid (AA), caffeine, caffeic acid (CA), sulfite (SO32-) and nitrite (NO2-), which are widely found in food and beverages. Important aspects, such as the design, fabrication and characterization of graphene-based materials, gold nanoparticles, mono- and bimetallic nanoparticles and metal nanocomposites, sensitivity and selectivity for electrochemical sensor development are addressed. High-performance nanomaterial based electrochemical sensors have and will continue to have myriad prospects in the research and development of advanced analytical devices for the safety and quality control of food and beverages.
由于添加剂和污染物导致的食源性相关疾病是食品加工行业面临的重大挑战。因此，为了最大限度地降低公共健康问题的风险，有必要对食品添加剂和污染物进行高效、经济和快速的分析。电化学提供了简便而强大的分析方法，这对于食品安全和质量评估比传统分析技术更具吸引力。各种纳米材料的发展为其在用于医疗诊断以及环境和食品安全的高性能电化学传感设备的设计中的应用铺平了道路。基于纳米材料的电化学传感器的设计由于其高灵敏度和选择性、实时监测和易于使用而受到极大关注。本文主要关注不同纳米材料的合成和应用，用于电化学测定一些常见的添加剂和污染物，包括肼（N2H4）、孔雀石绿（MG）、双酚 A（BPA）、抗坏血酸（AA）、咖啡因、咖啡酸（CA）、亚硫酸盐（SO32-）和亚硝酸盐（NO2-），这些物质广泛存在于食品和饮料中。本文还讨论了基于石墨烯材料、金纳米粒子、单金属和双金属纳米粒子以及金属纳米复合材料的电化学传感器的设计、制造和特性等重要方面，以及用于电化学传感器开发的灵敏度和选择性。基于高性能纳米材料的电化学传感器在食品安全和质量控制方面的先进分析设备的研发中具有并将继续具有广泛的前景。
