Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Section of Experimental Animal Models, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Insulin Research, Global Drug Discovery, Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk Park 1, 2760 Måløv, Denmark.
J Diabetes Res. 2018 Jul 4;2018:1205121. doi: 10.1155/2018/1205121. eCollection 2018.
Variability in the effect of subcutaneously administered insulin represents a major challenge in insulin therapy where precise dosing is required in order to achieve targeted glucose levels. Since this variability is largely influenced by the absorption of insulin, a deeper understanding of the factors affecting the absorption of insulin from the subcutaneous tissue is necessary in order to improve glycaemic control and the long-term prognosis in people with diabetes. These factors can be related to either the insulin preparation, the injection site/patient, or the injection technique. This review highlights the factors affecting insulin absorption with special attention on the physiological factors at the injection site. In addition, it also provides a detailed description of the insulin absorption process and the various modifications to this process that have been utilized by the different insulin preparations available.
皮下注射胰岛素的效果存在差异，这给胰岛素治疗带来了重大挑战，因为在这种治疗中需要精确给药以达到目标血糖水平。由于这种差异在很大程度上受到胰岛素吸收的影响，因此需要深入了解影响胰岛素从皮下组织吸收的因素，以便改善糖尿病患者的血糖控制和长期预后。这些因素可能与胰岛素制剂、注射部位/患者或注射技术有关。本综述重点介绍了影响胰岛素吸收的因素，特别关注注射部位的生理因素。此外，还详细描述了胰岛素吸收过程以及不同胰岛素制剂对该过程的各种改进。
