Fu Qiang, Zhao Xiaoming, Hu Jinxia, Jiao Yang, Yan Yunfei, Pan Xuchen, Wang Xin, Jiao Fei
School of Pharmacology, Institute of Aging Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, P. R. China.
Center of Physical Examination, Binzhou Medical University Affiliated 970 Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistic Support Force, Yantai, 264002, P. R. China.
J Transl Med. 2025 Jan 6;23(1):12. doi: 10.1186/s12967-024-06033-6.
Immuno-oncology has witnessed remarkable advancements in the past decade, revolutionizing the landscape of cancer therapeutics in an encouraging manner. Among the diverse immunotherapy strategies, mRNA vaccines have ushered in a new era for the therapeutic management of malignant diseases, primarily due to their impressive impact on the COVID-19 pandemic. In this comprehensive review, we offer a systematic overview of mRNA vaccines, focusing on the optimization of structural design, the crucial role of delivery materials, and the administration route. Additionally, we summarize preclinical studies and clinical trials to provide valuable insights into the current status of mRNA vaccines in cancer treatment. Furthermore, we delve into a systematic discussion on the significant challenges facing the current development of mRNA tumor vaccines. These challenges encompass both intrinsic and external factors that are closely intertwined with the successful application of this innovative approach. To pave the way for a more promising future in cancer treatments, a deeper understanding of immunological mechanisms, an increasing number of high-quality clinical trials, and a well-established manufacturing platform are crucial. Collaborative efforts between scientists, clinicians, and industry engineers are essential to achieving these goals.
在过去十年中，免疫肿瘤学取得了显著进展，以令人鼓舞的方式彻底改变了癌症治疗的格局。在各种免疫治疗策略中，mRNA疫苗开创了恶性疾病治疗管理的新时代，这主要归功于它们对新冠疫情产生的巨大影响。在这篇全面综述中，我们对mRNA疫苗进行了系统概述，重点关注结构设计的优化、递送材料的关键作用以及给药途径。此外，我们总结了临床前研究和临床试验，以提供关于mRNA疫苗在癌症治疗中现状的宝贵见解。此外，我们深入系统地讨论了mRNA肿瘤疫苗当前发展面临的重大挑战。这些挑战包括与这种创新方法的成功应用密切相关的内在和外在因素。为在癌症治疗领域开创更有前景的未来，深入了解免疫机制、开展越来越多的高质量临床试验以及建立完善的生产平台至关重要。科学家、临床医生和行业工程师之间的合作努力对于实现这些目标必不可少。
