Moon Jeheon, Kim Hyeyoung, Lee Jusung, Panday Siddhartha Bikram
Department of Sports Science, Korea Institute of Sport Science, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Division of Liberal Arts and Science, Korea National Sport University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Knee. 2018 Dec;25(6):1009-1015. doi: 10.1016/j.knee.2018.07.017. Epub 2018 Aug 16.
Knee braces are considered to be extremely useful tools in reducing the shear force of knee joints for non-contact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury prevention. However, the effectiveness of sports knee braces and sleeves remains to be identified. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of wearing commercialized sports knee braces and sleeves on knee kinematics, kinetics, and ACL force during drop jumps using musculoskeletal modeling analysis.
Musculoskeletal modeling analysis was conducted on 19 male alpine skiers who performed drop jump motions from a 40-cm box under three conditions: without a brace/sleeve, with a brace, and while wearing a neoprene sleeve.
The physical performance (i.e., the center of mass of the jumping height) was not affected by the type of brace or sleeve. However, wearing a brace or sleeve during drop jump tasks reduced the knee joint's maximum flexion, abduction angles, and adduction moment. The knee joint shear force when wearing the brace or sleeve exhibited no statistical differences. Further, the ACL load estimated in this study did not exhibit any statistical differences in relation to wearing a brace or sleeve.
The knee braces and sleeves reduced flexion and abduction movement, and adduction moment but did not reduce the knee joint shear force, internal rotation moment, or the ACL force. Therefore, if a sports knee brace that controls the knee joint's shear force and internal rotation moment is developed, it may aid in preventing ACL injuries.
膝关节支具被认为是减少膝关节剪切力以预防非接触性前交叉韧带（ACL）损伤的极为有用的工具。然而，运动膝关节支具和护膝的有效性仍有待确定。因此，本研究的目的是使用肌肉骨骼建模分析来评估佩戴商业化运动膝关节支具和护膝对下落跳动作期间膝关节运动学、动力学和ACL力的影响。
对19名男性高山滑雪运动员进行肌肉骨骼建模分析，他们在三种情况下从40厘米高的箱子上进行下落跳动作：不佩戴支具/护膝、佩戴支具以及佩戴氯丁橡胶护膝。
身体表现（即跳跃高度的质心）不受支具或护膝类型的影响。然而，在下落跳任务期间佩戴支具或护膝可减少膝关节的最大屈曲、外展角度和内收力矩。佩戴支具或护膝时的膝关节剪切力无统计学差异。此外，本研究中估计的ACL负荷在佩戴支具或护膝方面未表现出任何统计学差异。
膝关节支具和护膝减少了屈曲和外展运动以及内收力矩，但未降低膝关节剪切力以及内旋力矩或ACL力。因此，如果开发出一种能够控制膝关节剪切力和内旋力矩的运动膝关节支具，可能有助于预防ACL损伤。
