From the Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, Richmond, VA.
J Am Acad Orthop Surg Glob Res Rev. 2021 Jun 7;5(6):e20.00181-12. doi: 10.5435/JAAOSGlobal-D-20-00181.
Hip and knee braces or orthoses are often used to provide support after surgery and to prevent or reduce the severity of injuries. The braces are used for stabilization, immobilization, mechanical correction, and rehabilitation. Hip braces consist of stabilization and unloader variations, whereas knee braces are composed of knee sleeves and patellofemoral, prophylactic, unloader, and functional braces. Indications vary widely and depend on the type of brace. Hip braces can treat osteoarthritis to instability after total hip arthroplasty. Knee brace indications range from mild arthralgias to instability and osteoarthritis. Although braces are routinely used clinically, high-level evidence is sparse for their use. With this review, the different types and uses of hip and knee braces have been defined, and their indications exemplified in hopes of spurring future research.
髋部和膝部支具或矫形器常用于手术后提供支撑，预防或减少损伤的严重程度。支具用于稳定、固定、机械矫正和康复。髋部支具包括稳定型和减压型，而膝部支具则由膝套、髌股、预防、减压和功能性支具组成。适应证差异很大，取决于支具的类型。髋部支具可治疗骨关节炎和全髋关节置换术后的不稳定。膝部支具的适应证范围从轻度关节痛到不稳定和骨关节炎。尽管支具在临床上常规使用，但它们的使用证据很少。通过本次综述，明确了髋部和膝部支具的不同类型和用途，并举例说明了其适应证，希望能激发未来的研究。
