Sutter Raoul, Rüegg Stephan, Kaplan Peter W
Division of Neuroscience Critical Care, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine (RS), Department of Neurology (RS, PWK), and Department of Neurosurgery (RS), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore; Department of Neurology (RS, PWK), Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; and Division of Clinical Neurophysiology (RS, SR), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland.
Neurol Clin Pract. 2012 Dec;2(4):275-286. doi: 10.1212/CPJ.0b013e318278be75.
Nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) is a state of continuous seizure activity for at least 30 minutes, with cognitive or behavioral changes. It may be classified according to EEG evidence of focal or generalized epileptic activity, but may be further categorized by etiology and level of consciousness, both with prognostic weight. There have been several attempts to define the electrographic characteristics of NCSE. Clinical challenges arise from the frequent subtle clinical manifestations, the need for EEG confirmation of ongoing epileptic activity, and physicians' lack of awareness of the possibility of NCSE. This underdiagnosis may have deleterious consequences. This review encompasses epidemiologic, clinical, diagnostic, and prognostic aspects of NCSE in adults, and delineates strategies for management.
非惊厥性癫痫持续状态（NCSE）是一种持续癫痫活动状态，至少持续30分钟，并伴有认知或行为改变。它可根据局灶性或全身性癫痫活动的脑电图证据进行分类，但也可根据病因和意识水平进一步分类，这两者都具有预后意义。已经有几次尝试来定义NCSE的脑电图特征。临床挑战源于频繁出现的细微临床表现、对持续癫痫活动进行脑电图确认的必要性以及医生对NCSE可能性的认识不足。这种诊断不足可能会产生有害后果。本综述涵盖了成人NCSE的流行病学、临床、诊断和预后方面，并阐述了管理策略。
