一项关于精神障碍患病率及其风险相关因素的横断面研究：GRANADΣP研究。

A Cross-Sectional Study on the Prevalence and Risk Correlates of Mental Disorders: The GRANADΣP Study.

作者信息

Cervilla Jorge A, Gutiérrez Blanca, Rodríguez-Barranco Miguel, Ibanez-Casas Inmaculada, Pérez-García Miguel, Valmisa Eulalio, Carmona José, Molina Esther, Moreno-Kustner Berta, Rivera Margarita, Lozano Vanessa, Muñoz-Negro José Eduardo, Ching Ana, Guerrero Margarita, Porras-Segovia Alejandro, Ruiz-Pérez Isabel

机构信息

Departamento de Psiquiatría e Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad de Granada.

CIBERESP Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Cuesta del Observatorio.

出版信息

J Nerv Ment Dis. 2018 Sep;206(9):716-725. doi: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000000873.

DOI:10.1097/NMD.0000000000000873

PMID:30124573

Abstract

This is a cross-sectional study of participants from a population census living in the province of Granada (Spain). A total of 1176 persons were contacted, 367 (31%) refused and 54 (6.7%) needed substitution. A final sample of 809 participants (response rate, 69.3%) were screened for mental disorder (MD) using the MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview, a comprehensive interview validated to generate diagnoses compatible with ICD-10/DSM-4 criteria. Current (1-month) prevalence for any MD was 11.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 9.7%-13.4%; affective 8.2%, anxiety 9.6%, psychotic 2.1%, addiction 1.8%, personality disorder 3.6%). Lifetime MD prevalence was 24.6% (95% CI, 21.6-27.6; affective 14.9%, anxiety 15.5%, psychotic 3.4%, addiction 4.4%, personality disorder 3.6%). Female sex was associated with MD, but this appeared partially due to higher levels of neuroticism among women. MD also correlated significantly with cannabis use, family history of MD, higher social adversity, higher suicide risk, poorer physical health, poorer cognitive performance, and personality problems.

摘要

这是一项针对居住在西班牙格拉纳达省进行人口普查的参与者的横断面研究。总共联系了1176人，其中367人（31%）拒绝参与，54人（6.7%）需要替换。最终样本为809名参与者（应答率为69.3%），使用MINI国际神经精神访谈对其进行精神障碍（MD）筛查，该综合访谈经验证可得出符合ICD - 10/DSM - 4标准的诊断结果。任何精神障碍的当前（1个月）患病率为11.3%（95%置信区间[CI]，9.7% - 13.4%；情感障碍8.2%，焦虑症9.6%，精神病性障碍2.1%，成瘾1.8%，人格障碍3.6%）。终生精神障碍患病率为24.6%（95% CI，21.6 - 27.6；情感障碍14.9%，焦虑症15.5%，精神病性障碍3.4%，成瘾4.4%，人格障碍3.6%）。女性与精神障碍有关，但这似乎部分归因于女性中较高的神经质水平。精神障碍还与大麻使用、精神障碍家族史、更高的社会逆境、更高的自杀风险、较差的身体健康、较差的认知表现以及人格问题显著相关。