'Chantal Biya' International Reference Centre for Research on HIV and AIDS Prevention and Management (CIRCB), Yaounde, Cameroon.
Department of Biology, University of Yaounde I Higher Teachers' Training College, Yaounde, Cameroon.
J Trop Pediatr. 2019 Jun 1;65(3):280-286. doi: 10.1093/tropej/fmy049.
Some risk factors for mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV have been identified. To further reduce MTCT, other risk factors were evaluated.
A retrospective study on early infant diagnosis was conducted. Two-sided chi-square test was used to assess associations with infant HIV status.
A total of 15 233 HIV-infected mothers and 15 404 infants were recruited. MTCT rate was 9.34%. Only 3.8% of infants born to mothers on antiretroviral treatment were infected. Under nevirapine, 4.1% of infants were infected. MTCT increased with infant' age at testing. Younger mothers tend to transmit more HIV (P = 0.003). More children were infected in single pregnancies compared with multiple pregnancies, P < 0.001. There were more infections in male-female twins' sets (P = 0.037).
Maternal age, type of pregnancy and twins' sets are new MTCT risk factors. Strategies to further decrease transmission through family planning, pre/post natal consultations and clinical practices are needed.
已经确定了一些艾滋病毒母婴传播（MTCT）的风险因素。为了进一步降低 MTCT，评估了其他风险因素。
对早期婴儿诊断进行了回顾性研究。使用双侧卡方检验评估与婴儿 HIV 状态的关联。
共招募了 15233 名 HIV 感染母亲和 15404 名婴儿。MTCT 率为 9.34%。仅 3.8%接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的母亲所生婴儿受到感染。在使用奈韦拉平的情况下，有 4.1%的婴儿受到感染。MTCT 随着婴儿检测时的年龄而增加。年轻母亲更倾向于传播更多的 HIV（P=0.003）。与多胎妊娠相比，单胎妊娠中感染的儿童更多，P<0.001。在男女性别双胞胎中感染的情况更多（P=0.037）。
母亲年龄、妊娠类型和双胞胎是新的 MTCT 风险因素。需要通过计划生育、产前和产后咨询以及临床实践来进一步减少传播的策略。
