Ben-Gurion University of the Negev.
J Cogn Neurosci. 2018 Dec;30(12):1870-1882. doi: 10.1162/jocn_a_01326. Epub 2018 Aug 20.
Optimal working memory (WM) functioning depends on a control mechanism that balances between maintenance and updating by closing or opening the gate to WM, respectively. Here, we examined the neural oscillation correlates of WM updating and of the control processes involved in gating. The reference-back paradigm was employed to manipulate gate opening, gate closing, and updating independently and examine how the control functions involved in these processes are mapped to oscillatory EEG activity. The results established that different oscillatory patterns were associated with the control process related to gate opening than in gate closing. During the time of gate closing, a relative increase in theta power was observed over midfrontal electrodes. This theta response is a known EEG signature of cognitive control that is proposed here to reflect reactive conflict resolution, achieved by closing the gate when facing irrelevant information. On the other hand, proactive gate opening in preparation for relevant information was associated with an increase in relative delta power over parietal-occipital electrodes. Finally, WM updating was associated with relative increase in delta power over midfrontal electrodes, suggesting a functional role of delta oscillations in WM updating.
最佳工作记忆（WM）功能取决于一种控制机制，该机制通过分别关闭或打开 WM 的门来平衡维持和更新。在这里，我们研究了 WM 更新的神经振荡相关性以及门控中涉及的控制过程。参考后范式被用来独立地操纵门的打开、关闭和更新，并检查涉及这些过程的控制功能如何映射到振荡 EEG 活动上。结果表明，与与门打开相关的控制过程相关的振荡模式与与门关闭相关的不同。在门关闭期间，观察到中额电极上的θ功率相对增加。这种θ反应是认知控制的已知 EEG 特征，这里提出它反映了当面对不相关信息时通过关闭门来实现的反应性冲突解决。另一方面，为准备相关信息而主动打开门与顶枕部电极上的相对δ功率增加有关。最后，WM 更新与中额电极上相对增加的δ功率有关，表明δ振荡在 WM 更新中具有功能作用。
