Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
Department of Physiotherapy and Sports Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China; Research Institute for Sport and Exercise, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia.
Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2019 Jun;100(6):1102-1113. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2018.07.425. Epub 2018 Aug 18.
To summarize and critically evaluate the effects of Tai Chi on lower limb proprioception in adults older than 55.
Seven databases (Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, Cochrane Library, Wanfang, CNKI) were searched from inception until April 14, 2018.
Eleven randomized controlled trials were included for meta-analysis.
Two independent reviewers screened potentially relevant studies based on the inclusion criteria, extracted data, and assessed methodological quality of the eligible studies using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro).
The pooled effect size (standardized mean difference [SMD]) was calculated while the random-effects model was selected. Physiotherapy Evidence Database scores ranged from 5 to 8 points (mean=6.7). The study results showed that Tai Chi had significantly positive effects on lower limb joint proprioception. Effect sizes were moderate to large, including ankle plantar flexion (SMD=-0.55; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], -0.9 to -0.2; P=.002; I=0%; n=162), dorsiflexion (SMD=-0.75; 95% CI, -1.11 to -0.39; P<.001; I=0%; n=162), nondominant or left knee flexion (SMD=-0.71; 95% CI, -1.10 to -0.41; P<.001; I=25.1%; n=266), dominant or right knee flexion (SMD=-0.82; 95% CI, -1.06 to -0.58; P<.001; I=33.8%; n=464).
There is moderate to strong evidence that suggests that Tai Chi is an effective intervention to maintain and improve lower limb proprioception in adults older than 55. More robust multicenter studies including oldest-old participants, with longer follow-ups and validated outcome measures, are needed before a definitive conclusion is drawn.
总结和评价太极拳对 55 岁以上成年人下肢本体感觉的影响。
从建库至 2018 年 4 月 14 日，共检索了 7 个数据库（Scopus、PubMed、Web of Science、SPORTDiscus、Cochrane Library、万方、CNKI）。
纳入 11 项随机对照试验进行荟萃分析。
两名独立的审查员根据纳入标准筛选潜在相关研究，提取数据，并使用物理治疗证据数据库（PEDro）评估合格研究的方法学质量。
选择随机效应模型计算汇总效应量（标准化均数差[SMD]）。PEDro 评分为 5 至 8 分（平均 6.7 分）。研究结果表明，太极拳对下肢关节本体感觉有显著的积极影响。效应大小为中到大，包括踝关节跖屈（SMD=-0.55；95%置信区间[95%CI]，-0.9 至-0.2；P=.002；I=0%；n=162）、背屈（SMD=-0.75；95%CI，-1.11 至-0.39；P<.001；I=0%；n=162）、非优势侧或左侧膝关节屈曲（SMD=-0.71；95%CI，-1.10 至-0.41；P<.001；I=25.1%；n=266）、优势侧或右侧膝关节屈曲（SMD=-0.82；95%CI，-1.06 至-0.58；P<.001；I=33.8%；n=464）。
有中等至强证据表明，太极拳是维持和改善 55 岁以上成年人下肢本体感觉的有效干预措施。需要进行更多稳健的多中心研究，包括最年长的参与者，进行更长时间的随访并采用验证后的结局指标，才能得出明确的结论。
