Dirsmith Katherine L, Jeffrey Root J, Bentler Kevin T, Sullivan Heather J, Liebowitz Andrea B, Petersen Lauren H, McLean Hailey E, Shriner Susan A
National Wildlife Research Center, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
Arch Virol. 2018 Dec;163(12):3235-3242. doi: 10.1007/s00705-018-3978-4. Epub 2018 Aug 21.
Wild waterfowl are maintenance hosts of most influenza A virus (IAV) subtypes and are often the subjects of IAV surveillance and transmission models. While maternal antibodies have been detected in yolks and in nestlings for a variety of wild bird species and pathogens, the persistence of maternal antibodies to IAVs in mallard ducklings (Anas platyrhynchos) has not been previously investigated. Nonetheless, this information is important for a full understanding of IAV transmission dynamics because ducklings protected by maternal antibodies may not be susceptible to infection. In this study, we examined the transfer of IAV-specific maternal antibodies to ducklings. Blood samples were collected approximately every five days from ducklings hatched from hens previously infected with an H6 strain of IAV. Serum samples were tested for antibodies to IAV by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The median persistence of maternal antibodies in ducklings was 12.5 days (range: 4-33 days) post-hatch. The majority of ducklings (71%) had detectable maternal antibodies from 4 to 17 days post-hatch, while a small subset of individuals (29%) had detectable maternal antibodies for up to 21-33 days post-hatch. Antibody concentrations in hens near the time of egg laying were correlated with maternal antibody concentrations in the initial blood sample collected from ducklings (0-4 days post-hatch). Knowledge of the duration of maternal antibodies in ducklings will aid in the interpretation of IAV serological surveillance results and in the modeling of IAV transmission dynamics in waterfowl.
野生水禽是大多数甲型流感病毒（IAV）亚型的储存宿主，并且常常是IAV监测和传播模型的研究对象。虽然已在多种野生鸟类物种和病原体的蛋黄及雏鸟体内检测到母源抗体，但此前尚未对绿头鸭雏鸭（绿头鸭）体内IAV母源抗体的持久性进行研究。尽管如此，这些信息对于全面了解IAV传播动态十分重要，因为受母源抗体保护的雏鸭可能不易感染。在本研究中，我们检测了IAV特异性母源抗体向雏鸭的传递情况。从先前感染IAV H6毒株的母鸡所孵出的雏鸭中，大约每五天采集一次血样。通过酶联免疫吸附测定法检测血清样本中的IAV抗体。雏鸭体内母源抗体的中位持续时间为孵化后12.5天（范围：4 - 33天）。大多数雏鸭（71%）在孵化后4至17天可检测到母源抗体，而一小部分个体（29%）在孵化后长达21 - 33天可检测到母源抗体。产蛋期附近母鸡体内的抗体浓度与从雏鸭采集的初始血样（孵化后0 - 4天）中的母源抗体浓度相关。了解雏鸭体内母源抗体的持续时间将有助于解释IAV血清学监测结果以及模拟水禽中IAV的传播动态。
