Department of Biological Sciences, Forman Christian College (A Chartered University), Ferozepur Road, Lahore, 54600, Pakistan.
Department of Biology, Missouri State University, 901 S, National Ave, Springfield, MO, USA.
World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2018 Aug 20;34(9):136. doi: 10.1007/s11274-018-2509-5.
The rhizosphere microbiome plays a significant role in the life of plants in promoting plant survival under adverse conditions. However, limited information is available about microbial diversity in saline environments. In the current study, we compared the composition of the rhizosphere microbiomes of the halophytes Urochloa, Kochia, Salsola, and Atriplex living in moderate and high salinity environments (Khewra salt mines; Pakistan) with that of the non-halophyte Triticum. Soil microbiomes analysis using pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA gene indicated that Actinobacteria were dominant in saline soil samples whereas Proteobacteria predominated in non-saline soil samples. Firmicutes, Acidobacteria, Bacteriodetes and Thaumarchaeota were predominant phyla in saline and non-saline soils, whereas Cyanobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, Gemmatimonadetes and the unclassified WPS-2 were less abundant. Sequences from Euryarchaeota, Ignavibacteriae, and Nanohaloarchaeota were identified only from the rhizosphere of halophytes. Dominant halophilic bacteria and archaea identified in this study included Agrococcus, Armatimonadetes gp4, Halalkalicoccus, Haloferula and Halobacterium. Our analysis showed that increases in soil salinity correlated with significant differences in the alpha and beta diversity of the microbial communities across saline and non-saline soil samples. Having a complete inventory of the soil bacteria from different saline environments in Pakistan will help in the discovery of potential inoculants for crops growing on salt-affected land.
根际微生物组在促进植物在不利条件下生存方面对植物的生活起着重要作用。然而，关于盐环境中微生物多样性的信息有限。在本研究中，我们比较了生活在中高盐环境（巴基斯坦 Khewra 盐矿）的盐生植物 Urochloa、Kochia、Salsola 和 Atriplex 与非盐生植物 Triticum 的根际微生物组的组成。使用 16S rRNA 基因的焦磷酸测序进行土壤微生物组分析表明，放线菌在盐土样本中占优势，而变形菌在非盐土样本中占优势。厚壁菌门、酸杆菌门、拟杆菌门和泉古菌门是盐土和非盐土的主要门，而蓝细菌门、疣微菌门、芽单胞菌门和未分类的 WPS-2 较少。古菌门、Ignavibacteriae 和 Nanohaloarchaeota 的序列仅从盐生植物的根际中鉴定出来。本研究中鉴定出的优势嗜盐细菌和古菌包括 Agrococcus、Armatimonadetes gp4、Halalkalicoccus、Haloferula 和 Halobacterium。我们的分析表明，土壤盐度的增加与盐土和非盐土样本中微生物群落的 alpha 和 beta 多样性存在显著差异有关。对来自巴基斯坦不同盐环境的土壤细菌进行全面清查将有助于发现可用于在受盐影响土地上种植的作物的潜在接种剂。
