Lean N E, Ahern B J
University of Queensland Equine Specialist Hospital, Outer Ring Road, Gatton, Queensland 4343, Australia.
Aust Vet J. 2018 Aug;96(8):297-301. doi: 10.1111/avj.12720.
Mycotic rhinitis is a rare disease in horses, with few cases reported worldwide and none reported in Australia. Fungal infection of the upper respiratory tract can occur in all species, but its prevalence in horses is considerably lower than in canines or humans. The disease is linked to a variety of pathogens and the clinical signs are associated with subsequent upper respiratory tract damage.
A 6-year-old Quarter Horse gelding in Queensland, Australia, was presented with chronic nasal discharge and dyspnoea following previous unsuccessful medical treatment of 9 months' duration. Culture yielded a mixed growth of Cryptococcus and Rhodotorula, as well as secondary bacterial species. The horse was anaesthetised and positioned in sternal recumbency. The nasal passages and sinuses were bathed with fluconazole and dimethylsulfoxide for 1 h on two separate occasions 4 weeks apart. Systemic antimicrobials and corticosteroids were also administered for brief courses. Endoscopic examination 4 months after treatment demonstrated clinical resolution of the rhinitis with residual scar tissue. Owners reported resolution of clinical signs and following the treatment the gelding was able to perform athletically.
Mycotic rhinitis is an unusual disease that can be difficult to treat successfully. This report describes a technique for topical sinonasal bathing under general anaesthetic that was well tolerated, easy to perform and resulted in a successful clinical outcome.
霉菌性鼻炎在马匹中是一种罕见疾病，全球报道的病例很少，澳大利亚尚无相关病例报告。上呼吸道真菌感染可发生于所有物种，但其在马匹中的患病率远低于犬类或人类。该疾病与多种病原体有关，临床症状与随后的上呼吸道损伤相关。
澳大利亚昆士兰州一匹6岁的夸特马 gelding，在持续9个月的先前治疗未成功后，出现慢性鼻分泌物和呼吸困难。培养结果显示隐球菌和红酵母混合生长，以及继发细菌种类。对该马进行麻醉并使其侧卧。在相隔4周的两个不同时间，用氟康唑和二甲亚砜冲洗鼻腔和鼻窦1小时。还短期使用了全身抗菌药物和皮质类固醇。治疗4个月后的内镜检查显示鼻炎临床症状消退，有残留瘢痕组织。主人报告临床症状消退，治疗后该 gelding 能够进行运动。
霉菌性鼻炎是一种不常见的疾病，难以成功治疗。本报告描述了一种在全身麻醉下进行局部鼻窦冲洗的技术，该技术耐受性良好、易于实施，并取得了成功的临床结果。
