Terranova Claudio, Zen Margherita, Maguolo Nicola, Cirillo Tommaso, Montisci Massimo
Legal Medicine and Toxicology, Department of Legal and Work Medicine, Toxicology and Public Health, University Hospital of Padova, Via G. Falloppio n.50, Padova, 35121, Italy.
Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani n.2, Padova, 35128, Italy.
J Forensic Leg Med. 2018 Oct;59:39-44. doi: 10.1016/j.jflm.2018.08.002. Epub 2018 Aug 14.
From the epidemiological and criminological points of view, murders committed by minors, including both victims and perpetrators, differ from those observed in adults. Analysis of trends and characteristics of murders at national level could provide useful information to assess the phenomenon and address political and social choices aiming at preventing violence involving children and adolescents. This study focuses on the trends of murders in Italy during the period 2007-2015 and compares the data with those for other age groups. Data on murders regarding trends, gender, age and ethnic group from the Italian Institute of Statistics were analysed by chi-square with odds ratio and linear regression. Results show that, after standardization, murders involving minors as victims and perpetrators were less frequent with respect to data observed in all age groups. Trend analysis showed that murders involving minors remained stable in the period considered, but the stability of the rate of murders of minors was in contrast with reduced rates in other age groups. Among minors, males aged 14-17 are at higher risk of being the perpetrators and victims of homicide. The rate of perpetrators and victims among foreign-born minors was higher than that among the native-born. Further studies are needed to determine risk factors associated with these results and to propose preventive strategies through appropriate policies and interventions.
从流行病学和犯罪学的角度来看，未成年人实施的谋杀案，包括受害者和犯罪者，与成年人中的此类案件有所不同。对全国范围内谋杀案的趋势和特征进行分析，可以为评估这一现象以及做出旨在预防涉及儿童和青少年的暴力行为的政治和社会选择提供有用信息。本研究聚焦于2007年至2015年期间意大利谋杀案的趋势，并将数据与其他年龄组的数据进行比较。通过卡方检验、比值比和线性回归分析了意大利统计局提供的关于谋杀案趋势、性别、年龄和种族群体的数据。结果表明，标准化后，涉及未成年人作为受害者和犯罪者的谋杀案相较于所有年龄组的数据更为少见。趋势分析显示，在所考虑的时期内，涉及未成年人的谋杀案保持稳定，但未成年人谋杀率的稳定性与其他年龄组谋杀率的下降形成对比。在未成年人中，14至17岁的男性成为杀人犯罪者和受害者的风险更高。外国出生的未成年人中犯罪者和受害者的比例高于本国出生的未成年人。需要进一步研究以确定与这些结果相关的风险因素，并通过适当的政策和干预措施提出预防策略。
