Ivey C D, Wang N, Alvarez D, Hammer E J, Bauer C R
U.S. Geological Survey, Columbia Environmental Research Center, Columbia, MO, USA.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Water Quality Branch, Chicago, IL, USA.
Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2018 Oct;101(4):423-427. doi: 10.1007/s00128-018-2422-5. Epub 2018 Aug 21.
Limited studies indicate that mussels are generally insensitive to organic chemicals; however, these studies were conducted in acute or short-term exposures, and little is known about the chronic sensitivity of mussels to organic chemicals. We evaluated the chronic (28 days) toxicity of 4-nonylphenol (4-NP) to two commonly tested species of mussels: fatmucket (Lampsilis siliquoidea) and rainbow mussel (Villosa iris). By the end of the 28 days chronic exposures, mean survival was ≥93% in all treatments, but the mean dry weight and biomass of mussels at the highest exposure concentrations were significantly reduced relative to the control. The 20% effect concentrations were similar between the two species. When compared to all other tested species, fatmucket and rainbow mussels are among the top four most sensitive species to 4-NP. However, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency chronic water quality criterion of 6.6 μg 4-NP/L should protect the two mussel species.
有限的研究表明，贻贝通常对有机化学品不敏感；然而，这些研究是在急性或短期暴露条件下进行的，关于贻贝对有机化学品的慢性敏感性知之甚少。我们评估了4-壬基酚（4-NP）对两种常用受试贻贝物种的慢性（28天）毒性：肥桶贝（Lampsilis siliquoidea）和彩虹贻贝（Villosa iris）。在28天的慢性暴露结束时，所有处理组的平均存活率均≥93%，但最高暴露浓度下贻贝的平均干重和生物量相对于对照组显著降低。两种物种的20%效应浓度相似。与所有其他受试物种相比，肥桶贝和彩虹贻贝是对4-NP最敏感的四种物种之一。然而，美国环境保护局6.6μg 4-NP/L的慢性水质标准应能保护这两种贻贝物种。
