Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Partyzantow Avenue 57, 24-100, Pulawy, Poland.
Center for Analytical Chemistry, Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Konrad Lorenz Str. 20, 3430, Tulln, Austria.
Mycotoxin Res. 2019 Feb;35(1):17-25. doi: 10.1007/s12550-018-0327-0. Epub 2018 Aug 22.
In this study, 120 silage samples collected in 2015 from farms in Poland were analysed by a multimycotoxin method based on liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. The study included toxins which are regulated within the European Union (aflatoxins, deoxynivalenol, fumonisins, T-2/HT-2 toxins, ochratoxin A and zearalenone) and non-regulated mycotoxins (enniatins, beauvericin, 8-ketotrichothecenes, sterigmatocystin, zearalenone derivatives). All silage samples were positive for at least one mycotoxin, and 61% of samples contained five or more mycotoxins simultaneously. The most frequently detected toxins were deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, zearalenone, enniatins and beauvericin, although the levels of these toxins were relatively low. The mean concentration of deoxynivalenol and zearalenon was 406 and 80.6 μg/kg, respectively, and two toxins were positive-correlated. This is the first study that provides information about emerging mycotoxins contaminating silage in Poland.
本研究采用基于液相色谱-串联质谱的多毒素检测方法，对 2015 年波兰农场采集的 120 个青贮饲料样本进行了分析。研究中包括了欧盟规定的毒素（黄曲霉毒素、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇、伏马菌素、T-2/HT-2 毒素、赭曲霉毒素 A 和玉米赤霉烯酮）和非规定毒素（恩镰孢菌素、布氏菌素、8-酮基雪腐镰刀菌烯醇、桔青霉素、玉米赤霉烯酮衍生物）。所有青贮饲料样本均至少检测出一种霉菌毒素，61%的样本同时含有五种或更多种霉菌毒素。检测出的最常见毒素是脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇、雪腐镰刀菌烯醇、玉米赤霉烯酮、恩镰孢菌素和布氏菌素，尽管这些毒素的含量相对较低。脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇和玉米赤霉烯酮的平均浓度分别为 406 和 80.6μg/kg，两种毒素呈正相关。这是首次提供波兰青贮饲料中存在新兴霉菌毒素污染信息的研究。
