Katsumi Ryota, Mochizuki Tomoharu, Sato Takashi, Kobayashi Koichi, Watanabe Satoshi, Tanifuji Osamu, Endo Naoto
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Niigata Medical Center, Niigata, Japan.
Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Niigata, Japan.
J Exp Orthop. 2018 Aug 22;5(1):32. doi: 10.1186/s40634-018-0147-3.
Humans support their bodies exclusively by vertical balance in bipedal locomotion, and the body, especially the lower extremity, generally changes with age. Sex and body constitution are assumed to be associated with lower extremity alignment, but this association remains to be elucidated. This study sought to clarify this association in healthy, elderly, non-obese humans in a Japanese population.
The present study investigated 55 healthy volunteers (mean age: 70 ± 6 years). A 3D extremity alignment system was applied under weight-bearing conditions on biplane long lower extremities X-rays using a 3D-to-2D image registration technique. The evaluation parameters included 3D hip-knee-ankle angle (3DHKA) alignment in the coronal (coronal alignment) and sagittal planes (sagittal alignment) and rotational alignment between the femur and tibia. The influences of sex and body constitution on all the alignment were analyzed.
Multiple linear regression analysis with the dependent variable of each alignment showed that sex was the dominant factor for coronal and rotational alignment (coronal: p < 0.01; rotational: p < 0.01), and body weight was the dominant factor for sagittal alignment (p < 0.01).
The association of sex with coronal and rotational alignment and of body constitution with sagittal alignment were proved in healthy, elderly, non-obese humans in a Japanese population. This finding can lead to further understanding of the etiology of many diseases and age-related changes.
人类在双足行走中完全通过垂直平衡来支撑身体，并且身体，尤其是下肢，通常会随着年龄的增长而发生变化。性别和身体体质被认为与下肢对线有关，但这种关联仍有待阐明。本研究旨在阐明日本人群中健康、老年、非肥胖人群的这种关联。
本研究调查了55名健康志愿者（平均年龄：70±6岁）。使用三维到二维图像配准技术，在双平面长下肢X线片的负重条件下应用三维肢体对线系统。评估参数包括冠状面（冠状对线）和矢状面（矢状对线）的三维髋-膝-踝角（3DHKA）对线以及股骨和胫骨之间的旋转对线。分析了性别和身体体质对所有对线的影响。
以每种对线为因变量的多元线性回归分析表明，性别是冠状和旋转对线的主要影响因素（冠状：p<0.01；旋转：p<0.01），体重是矢状对线的主要影响因素（p<0.01）。
在日本人群中健康、老年、非肥胖人群中，证实了性别与冠状和旋转对线以及身体体质与矢状对线之间的关联。这一发现有助于进一步了解许多疾病的病因和与年龄相关的变化。
