[2015 - 2016年俄罗斯16至24个月儿童自闭症谱系障碍风险的流行病学研究]
[The epidemiologic study of the risk of autism spectrum disorders in children of 16-24 months in Russia, 2015-2016].
作者信息
Ivanov M V, Simashkova N V, Kozlovskaya G V, Makushkin E V
机构信息
Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia.
Serbsky National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow, Russia.
出版信息
Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova. 2018;118(5. Vyp. 2):12-19. doi: 10.17116/jnevro20181185212.
AIM
To screen infants of the general population for the risk of autism spectrum disorders (ASD).
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The survey was conducted by a total epidemiological method in primary health care facilities in the three largest regions in Russia (Volgograd, Novosibirsk, Chelyabinsk regions). For the period 2015-2016, 74191 parents of children aged 16-24 months were questioned.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION
The prevalence of risk of ASD (a condition of a pre-illness) was 103.5 cases per 1000 of children aged 16-24 months. Some of the children at ASD risk had a preventive consultation with a psychiatrist, 36 children (0.5 per 1000 peers) had severe clinical disorders classified as F84 - 'Pervasive developmental disorders' of ICD-10 (F84.0; F84.1; F84.8). From the perspective of predicative and preventive medicine, children at risk require complex measures to prevent the onset of a mental disorder or worsening of the mental state of the child.
目的
对普通人群中的婴儿进行自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）风险筛查。
材料与方法
采用全面流行病学方法，在俄罗斯三个最大地区（伏尔加格勒、新西伯利亚、车里雅宾斯克地区）的初级卫生保健机构开展调查。在2015 - 2016年期间，对74191名16 - 24个月大儿童的家长进行了询问。
结果与结论
16 - 24个月大儿童中ASD风险（疾病前期状况）的患病率为每1000名儿童中有103.5例。部分有ASD风险的儿童接受了精神科医生的预防性咨询，36名儿童（每1000名同龄人中有0.5例）患有严重临床疾病，被归类为国际疾病分类第10版（ICD - 10）中的F84 - “广泛性发育障碍”（F84.0；F84.1；F84.8）。从预测性和预防性医学的角度来看，有风险的儿童需要采取综合措施来预防精神障碍的发生或儿童精神状态的恶化。
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