Klochko V V
Mikrobiol Z. 2016 Nov-Dec;78(6):50-9.
New data about ecology, systematics and synthesis of biologically active substances of the type strain Pseudomonas batumici UCM-321 producing the antibiotic batumin, highly effective against staphylococci, and of Alteromonas macleodii strains, as representatives of marine species widely inhabiting the world ocean, was obtained based on a complex analysis of their biological properties and genomic structure. Analysis of taxonomic data indicated that P. batumici is a novel species. Illumina HiSeq sequencing of the chromosomal DNA enabled to obtain the complete genome sequence of P. batumici UCM B-321. Its DNA contained 127 contigs of the total length of 6608172 bp. Batumin biosynthesis operon was identified as 77 kbp operon containing in total 28 protein coding genes. This operon sequence was significantly less GC-rich and the program SeqWord Genomic Island Sniffer predicted a horizontal acquisition of this region. The closes relatives of UCM-321 were P. gingeri and P. protegens; both have no batumin operon in their genomes. HLPC-analysis of the culture broth has shown the presence of batumin in P. batumici broth and no any similar substances in P. gingeri culture medium. The phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genetic peculiarities of 5 deep-water strains of A. macleodii (isolated from a depth of 1000–3500 m) and 5 strains of the same species isolated from the surface layer have been studied. Electron microscopy has shown that the deep strains’ cells were, on average, two times longer (2.1±0.2×0.7±0.1 μm) than the surface strains (1.1±0.1×0.6±0.1 μm). Using fatty acid analysis the deep and surface isolates were clearly separated into two clusters. The distinctions between them were also found in different lectin binding capacity, which was probably determined by the structure of their extracellular polysaccharide matrix. Analysis of the PCR results with the primers to repeated nucleotide sequences revealed a higher level of genetic polymorphism in surface strains in comparison to the deep-water isolates. The described peculiarities probably reflect the specific conditions in which A. macleodii strains live on the surface or in the depth of the World Ocean.
通过对产生对葡萄球菌高效的抗生素巴图明的模式菌株巴氏假单胞菌UCM - 321以及作为广泛分布于世界海洋的海洋物种代表的麦克劳德氏交替单胞菌菌株的生物学特性和基因组结构进行综合分析，获得了有关它们的生态学、系统分类学以及生物活性物质合成的新数据。分类学数据分析表明巴氏假单胞菌是一个新物种。通过对染色体DNA进行Illumina HiSeq测序，获得了巴氏假单胞菌UCM B - 321的完整基因组序列。其DNA包含127个重叠群，总长度为6608172 bp。巴图明生物合成操纵子被鉴定为一个77 kbp的操纵子，总共包含28个蛋白质编码基因。该操纵子序列的GC含量明显较低，SeqWord基因组岛嗅探器程序预测该区域是水平获得的。UCM - 321的近亲是姜氏假单胞菌和类产碱假单胞菌；它们的基因组中都没有巴图明操纵子。对培养液进行高效液相色谱分析表明，巴氏假单胞菌培养液中存在巴图明，而姜氏假单胞菌培养基中没有任何类似物质。对5株来自1000 - 3500米深度的深水麦克劳德氏交替单胞菌菌株和5株从表层分离的同一物种菌株的表型、化学分类学和遗传特性进行了研究。电子显微镜显示，深水菌株的细胞平均比表层菌株长两倍（2.1±0.2×0.7±0.1μm）（表层菌株为1.1±0.1×0.6±0.1μm）。通过脂肪酸分析，深水和表层分离株被明显分为两个簇。在不同的凝集素结合能力方面也发现了它们之间的差异，这可能由其细胞外多糖基质的结构决定。用针对重复核苷酸序列的引物进行PCR结果分析表明，与深水分离株相比，表层菌株的遗传多态性水平更高。所描述的这些特性可能反映了麦克劳德氏交替单胞菌菌株在世界海洋表层或深处生存的特定条件。
