Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Appetite. 2018 Nov 1;130:274-278. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2018.08.026. Epub 2018 Aug 23.
Engagement in "cheat meals" has been recently documented as a socially endorsed dietary practice oriented towards pursuing physique ideals, and which bears qualitative semblance to disordered eating behavior. However, the clinical significance of this dietary practice remains unclear.
We recruited a sample of young adults (n = 248; 56% women; M = 19.29 ± 0.58) and examined the prevalence and characteristics of cheat meal engagement, including its associations with eating disorder pathology, psychological distress, and impairment in role functioning.
Findings revealed that 89.1% of participants engaged in cheat meal consumption that was either planned or spontaneous, with planned cheat meals being predominantly aimed at managing food cravings and sustaining strict dietary regimens. Among men, the frequency of cheat meal engagement was positively associated with global eating disorder symptoms (p = 0.04), and objective binge episodes (p = 0.03), however cheat meals were not associated with psychological distress or clinical impairment for either gender (p > 0.05).
These preliminary findings suggest that cheat meal engagement is commonly endorsed among young adults, and particularly among men. Moreover, cheat meals may reflect psychopathological properties akin to binge episodes, although do not confer psychological distress. Future research is urged in elucidating the definitional properties of cheat meal engagement, and examining clinical implications for this widespread dietary practice.
最近有文献记录表明，“欺骗餐”的摄入是一种被社会认可的饮食行为，其目的是追求理想的体型，这与饮食失调行为在性质上有一定的相似之处。然而，这种饮食行为的临床意义尚不清楚。
我们招募了一组年轻成年人（n=248；56%为女性；M=19.29±0.58），并检查了欺骗餐摄入的流行率和特征，包括其与饮食失调病理、心理困扰和角色功能障碍的关系。
研究结果显示，89.1%的参与者摄入了计划或自发的欺骗餐，其中计划的欺骗餐主要旨在控制食物渴望和维持严格的饮食计划。在男性中，欺骗餐摄入的频率与整体饮食失调症状（p=0.04）和客观暴食发作（p=0.03）呈正相关，然而，欺骗餐与男性的心理困扰或临床障碍均无关联（p>0.05）。
这些初步研究结果表明，欺骗餐的摄入在年轻成年人中很常见，特别是在男性中。此外，欺骗餐可能反映出类似于暴食发作的心理病理特征，尽管不会导致心理困扰。未来的研究需要阐明欺骗餐摄入的定义特征，并研究这种广泛饮食行为的临床意义。
