Gartner S, Markovits P, Markovitz D M, Kaplan M H, Gallo R C, Popovic M
Science. 1986 Jul 11;233(4760):215-9. doi: 10.1126/science.3014648.
Cells with properties characteristic of mononuclear phagocytes were evaluated for infectivity with five different isolates of the AIDS virus, HTLV-III/LAV. Mononuclear phagocytes cultured from brain and lung tissues of AIDS patients harbored the virus. In vitro-infected macrophages from the peripheral blood, bone marrow, or cord blood of healthy donors produced large quantities of virus. Virus production persisted for at least 40 days and was not dependent on host cell proliferation. Giant multinucleated cells were frequently observed in the macrophage cultures and numerous virus particles, often located within vacuole-like structures, were present in infected cells. The different virus isolates were compared for their ability to infect macrophages and T cells. Isolates from lung- and brain-derived macrophages had a significantly higher ability to infect macrophages than T cells. In contrast, the prototype HTLV-III beta showed a 10,000-fold lower ability to infect macrophages than T cells and virus production was one-tenth that in macrophage cultures infected with other isolates, indicating that a particular variant of HTLV-III/LAV may have a preferential tropism for macrophages or T cells. These results suggest that mononuclear phagocytes may serve as primary targets for infection and agents for virus dissemination and that these virus-infected cells may play a role in the pathogenesis of the disease.
对具有单核吞噬细胞特性的细胞进行了评估，以检测其对艾滋病病毒（HTLV-III/LAV）五种不同分离株的感染性。从艾滋病患者的脑和肺组织培养的单核吞噬细胞携带该病毒。来自健康供体外周血、骨髓或脐血的体外感染巨噬细胞产生大量病毒。病毒产生持续至少40天，且不依赖于宿主细胞增殖。在巨噬细胞培养物中经常观察到巨大的多核细胞，并且在感染细胞中存在大量病毒颗粒，这些颗粒通常位于液泡样结构内。比较了不同病毒分离株感染巨噬细胞和T细胞的能力。来自肺和脑来源巨噬细胞的分离株感染巨噬细胞的能力明显高于感染T细胞的能力。相比之下，原型HTLV-IIIβ感染巨噬细胞的能力比感染T细胞的能力低10000倍，并且病毒产生量是感染其他分离株的巨噬细胞培养物中的十分之一，这表明HTLV-III/LAV的特定变体可能对巨噬细胞或T细胞具有优先嗜性。这些结果表明，单核吞噬细胞可能是感染的主要靶标和病毒传播的媒介，并且这些病毒感染细胞可能在该疾病的发病机制中起作用。
