Patel Naveen, Shahane Shraddha, Majumdar Ria, Mishra Umesh
Department of Civil Engineering, NIT Agartala, Agartala-799046, India.
Recent Pat Biotechnol. 2019;13(1):19-32. doi: 10.2174/1872208312666180821161015.
Background and Source: Laccase belongs to the blue multi-copper oxidases, which are widely distributed in fungi and higher plants. It is present in Ascomycetes, Deuteromycetes, and Basidiomycetes and found abundantly in white-rot fungi. Applications: Laccase enzymes because of their potential have acquired more importance and application in the area of textile, pulp and paper, and food industry. Recently, it is being used in developing biosensors for detection and removal of toxic pollutants, designing of biofuel cells and medical diagnostics tool. Laccase is also being used as a bioremediation agent as they have been found potent enough in cleaning up herbicides pesticides and certain explosives in soil. Because of having the ability to oxidize phenolic, non-phenolic lignin-related compounds and highly fractious environmental pollutants, laccases have drawn the attention of researchers in the last few decades. Commercially, laccases have been used to determine the difference between codeine and morphine, produce ethanol and are also being employed in de-lignify woody tissues. We have revised patents related to applicability of laccases. We have revised all the patents related to its wide applicability. Conclusion: For fulfillment of these wide applications, one of the major concerns is to develop a system for efficient production of these enzymes at a broad scale. Research in the field of laccases has been accelerated because of its wide diversity, utility, and enzymology. This paper deals with recent trends in implementation of the laccases in all practical possibilities with the help of optimizing various parameters and techniques which are responsible for mass production of the enzyme in industries.
漆酶属于蓝色多铜氧化酶，广泛分布于真菌和高等植物中。它存在于子囊菌、半知菌和担子菌中，在白腐真菌中含量丰富。
漆酶因其潜力在纺织、制浆造纸和食品工业领域获得了更多的重视和应用。最近，它被用于开发用于检测和去除有毒污染物的生物传感器、设计生物燃料电池和医学诊断工具。漆酶还被用作生物修复剂，因为它们在清除土壤中的除草剂、杀虫剂和某些炸药方面已被证明足够有效。由于漆酶能够氧化酚类、非酚类木质素相关化合物和高度难处理的环境污染物，在过去几十年中引起了研究人员的关注。在商业上，漆酶已被用于区分可待因和吗啡、生产乙醇，也被用于使木质组织脱木质素。我们已经修订了与漆酶适用性相关的专利。我们已经修订了所有与其广泛适用性相关的专利。
为了实现这些广泛的应用，一个主要问题是开发一种在大规模上高效生产这些酶的系统。由于漆酶具有广泛的多样性、实用性和酶学性质，该领域的研究得到了加速。本文借助优化负责工业上酶大规模生产的各种参数和技术，探讨了漆酶在所有实际可能性中的最新应用趋势。
