Stoyanov George S, Matev Boyko K
General and Clinical Pathology/Forensic Medicine and Deontology, Medical University, Varna, BGR.
Medicine, Medical University, Varna, BGR.
Cureus. 2018 Jun 22;10(6):e2859. doi: 10.7759/cureus.2859.
Samuel Thomas von Sömmerring (January 28, 1755, Thorn, then Royal Prussia, now Torun Poland - March 2, 1830, Frankfurt am Main, then a free city, now Germany) was one of the most respected Germanic scientists of his time. Whilst working on his philosophy doctorate (Ph.D.) thesis, when he was only 23 years old (circa 1778), Sömmerring proposed a new classification for the arrangement of the cranial nerves, based on the order in which they become visible on the surface of the brain. Amongst his many other anatomical studies worthy of notice, in 1809 Sömmerring began studying the human olfactory system. During this period, he published a detailed text with sketches, being the first to describe in detail the human vomeronasal organ (VNO), working in parallel with Jacobsen, whose name has been synonymous with the VNO, despite denying its existence in man. Nonetheless, Sömmerring's contributions are numerous. Some of his other works include the description of the structure of the female skeleton and how it differs from the male and the first description of the Pterodactyl in 1812, with which he has been epitomized in modern times and denoted due to his erroneous concepts on it. Even though he studied a wide range of subjects from medical to political, most of his work has been overlooked or forgotten but it is important to understand the range of his contributions.
塞缪尔·托马斯·冯·索姆林（1755年1月28日生于托伦，当时属普鲁士王国，今属波兰托伦；1830年3月2日卒于美因河畔法兰克福，当时为自由市，今属德国）是他那个时代最受尊敬的日耳曼科学家之一。1778年左右，年仅23岁的索姆林在撰写哲学博士论文时，基于颅神经在脑表面出现的顺序，提出了一种新的颅神经排列分类法。在他众多值得关注的解剖学研究中，1809年索姆林开始研究人类嗅觉系统。在此期间，他发表了一篇配有草图的详细文本，首次详细描述了人类犁鼻器（VNO），与雅各布森同时进行研究，雅各布森的名字一直与犁鼻器同义，尽管雅各布森否认人类有犁鼻器。尽管如此，索姆林的贡献众多。他的其他一些著作包括对女性骨骼结构及其与男性骨骼差异的描述，以及1812年对翼龙的首次描述，由于他对翼龙的错误概念，他在现代已成为这方面的典型代表。尽管他研究的主题广泛，从医学到政治，但他的大部分工作都被忽视或遗忘了，但了解他的贡献范围很重要。
