Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona.
Ciber Fisiopatología de Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2018 Nov;21(6):430-436. doi: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000000506.
There is increasing interest in exploring whether age-related diseases can be prevented by dietary means through nutrients or food bioactives, whole foods, or specific dietary patterns. Because of the slow nature of the aging process, biomarkers such as telomere length are helpful for this purpose. Here we update the developments in the area during the last 2 years.
Most data stem from epidemiologic studies, often cross-sectional in design. Recent articles strengthened the link between consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and telomere shortening, whereas a novel association between telomere length and drinking coffee has been uncovered. Controversy on meat consumption and telomere length persists, mostly because of the presumed different effects of total meat and processed meat. In general terms, increasing consumption of antioxidant-rich plant foods relates to maintained telomere length. Feeding intervention trials with outcomes on telomere length are few and thus far have contributed little to further knowledge on this topic.
Epidemiologic studies provide support for the putative effects of diet components on telomere length and on the aging process in general. Dietary associations with telomere length should be confirmed with adequately powered randomized controlled trials.
人们越来越关注通过营养物质或食物生物活性物质、全食物或特定的饮食模式，能否通过饮食来预防与年龄相关的疾病。由于衰老过程较为缓慢，端粒长度等生物标志物有助于实现这一目标。本文将对过去 2 年该领域的最新进展进行更新。
大多数数据来源于设计通常为横断面的流行病学研究。最近的研究结果进一步证实了摄入含糖饮料与端粒缩短之间的联系，同时还揭示了端粒长度与喝咖啡之间的新关联。关于肉类消费与端粒长度的争议仍然存在，主要是因为总肉量和加工肉对端粒长度的影响不同。一般来说，增加富含抗氧化剂的植物性食物的摄入与维持端粒长度有关。关于端粒长度的饮食干预试验的结果很少，迄今为止，这些试验对该主题的进一步研究贡献不大。
流行病学研究为饮食成分对端粒长度和整体衰老过程的潜在影响提供了支持。需要通过充分有力的随机对照试验来证实饮食与端粒长度之间的关联。
