Group for Suicide Studies, CAMH, Toronto, Canada.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Toronto, Canada.
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2019 Mar 8;89:169-173. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.08.027. Epub 2018 Aug 25.
Approximately 5% of patients with schizophrenia commit suicide, and 20% to 40% of them have at least one suicide attempt during their lifetime. Previous research has identified childhood trauma as a potential risk factor for suicide attempt in schizophrenia. The Psychiatric Genetics Consortium found 108 common genetic risk loci associated with schizophrenia. Moreover, familial, adoption, and twin studies suggested that suicidal behaviour is under genetic influence.
Our objective was to determine the effect of childhood trauma and schizophrenia polygenic risk in leading to suicide attempt, as well as to determine any interaction effect between the polygenic scores with childhood trauma.
The study design was cross-sectional and retrospective considering lifetime suicide attempt as the main dependent variable. Childhood trauma was assessed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Polygenic Risk Score calculation was done using the genome-analysis toolkit, PLINK. The suicide attempts were recorded using the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale.
We included 224 subjects in our sample and 93 attempted suicide at least once in their lifetime. When comparing the weighted scores in attempters and non-attempters, we found no association (p > .05).
Although our results do not support our hypothesis, the interaction analysis of genetic risk for schizophrenia in combination with the history of childhood trauma requires larger samples with high-quality suicide risk assessment.
大约 5%的精神分裂症患者会自杀，其中 20%至 40%的患者在其一生中至少有过一次自杀未遂。先前的研究已经确定童年创伤是精神分裂症自杀未遂的一个潜在风险因素。精神疾病遗传学联盟发现了 108 个与精神分裂症相关的常见遗传风险位点。此外，家族、收养和双胞胎研究表明，自杀行为受到遗传影响。
我们的目的是确定童年创伤和精神分裂症多基因风险对导致自杀未遂的影响，并确定多基因评分与童年创伤之间是否存在相互作用效应。
本研究设计为横断面和回顾性研究，将终生自杀未遂作为主要因变量。使用儿童期创伤问卷评估儿童期创伤。使用基因组分析工具包 PLINK 计算多基因风险评分。使用哥伦比亚自杀严重程度评定量表记录自杀未遂情况。
我们的样本包括 224 名受试者，其中 93 名受试者至少有过一次自杀未遂。在比较有和没有自杀未遂史的受试者的加权评分时，我们没有发现关联（p>.05）。
尽管我们的结果不支持我们的假设，但精神分裂症遗传风险与童年创伤史的交互分析需要更大的样本量和高质量的自杀风险评估。
