Institute of Forensic Medicine of the University of Basel, Health Department Basel-Stadt, Pestalozzistrasse 22, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland.
Institute of Forensic Medicine of the University of Basel, Health Department Basel-Stadt, Pestalozzistrasse 22, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland.
Forensic Sci Int. 2018 Oct;291:62-67. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2018.08.009. Epub 2018 Aug 11.
In Switzerland, the sale of cannabis with tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) content less than 1% has recently been legalized. As a consequence, cannabis with low THC and high cannabidiol (CBD) values up to approximately 25% is legally available on the market. In this study, we investigated cannabinoid blood and urine concentrations of a naive user and of a modeled chronic user after smoking a single CBD joint. Chronic use was modeled as smoking 2 joints per day for 10 days. Joints contained 200mg of cannabis with THC concentrations of 0.94% and 0.8% and CBD concentrations of 23.5% and 17% in the naive-smoker and chronic-smoker experiment, respectively. After smoking, blood and urine samples were collected for 4 and 20h after smoking start, respectively. THC blood concentrations reached 2.7 and 4.5ng/mL in the naive and chronic user, respectively. In both cases, the blood THC concentration is significantly above the Swiss road traffic threshold of 1.5ng/mL. Consequently, the user was legally unfit to drive directly after smoking. CBD blood concentrations of 45.7 and 82.6ng/mL were reached for the naive and chronic user, respectively. During the 10-day smoking period, blood and urine samples were regularly collected. No accumulation of any cannabinoid was found in the blood during this time. Urinary 11-nor-9-carboxy-THC concentrations seemed to increase during the 10-day period, which is important in abstinence testing.
在瑞士，最近已将含有低于 1%四氢大麻酚 (THC) 的大麻销售合法化。因此，市场上合法供应 THC 含量低而大麻二酚 (CBD) 含量高（高达约 25%）的大麻。在本研究中，我们研究了一位初次使用者和一位模拟慢性使用者在吸食单一 CBD 烟卷后的血液和尿液中的大麻素浓度。慢性使用通过每天吸食 2 支烟卷且持续 10 天来建模。烟卷中含有 200mg 大麻，其中 THC 浓度分别为 0.94%和 0.8%，CBD 浓度分别为 23.5%和 17%，用于初次使用者和慢性使用者实验。吸烟后，分别在吸烟开始后 4 小时和 20 小时收集血液和尿液样本。初次使用者和慢性使用者的血液 THC 浓度分别达到 2.7 和 4.5ng/mL。在这两种情况下，血液 THC 浓度均明显高于瑞士道路交通的 1.5ng/mL 阈值。因此，使用者在吸烟后直接开车是合法的。初次使用者和慢性使用者的 CBD 血液浓度分别达到 45.7 和 82.6ng/mL。在 10 天的吸烟期间，定期采集血液和尿液样本。在此期间，血液中未发现任何大麻素的积累。尿液中 11-去甲-9-羧基-THC 浓度似乎在 10 天期间增加，这在戒断测试中很重要。
