Kashtwari Mahpara, Wani Aijaz A, Dhar Manoj K, Jan Sabbi, Kamili Azra N
1Cytogenetics and Reproductive Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006 India.
2Plant Genomics Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, University of Jammu, Jammu, 180006 India.
Physiol Mol Biol Plants. 2018 Sep;24(5):951-962. doi: 10.1007/s12298-018-0576-6. Epub 2018 Jul 5.
Saffron ( L) is a triploid (2n = 3x = 24), sterile geophyte which can only be propagated by means of underground vegetative corms. Since corm multiplication does not induce genome variations, therefore, the entire saffron population is expected to have a similar genetic makeup. Keeping in view the economic importance of the plant and the factors responsible for its low yield, the present investigation has been undertaken to establish an in vitro ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) mutagenesis protocol followed by characterization of the induced variability in the advanced generations. The present report is limited to standardization of in vitro mutagenesis protocol only. Among the mutagenic treatments tested, concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 0.5% EMS showed a varied survival of explants. Based on various growth parameters, the LD was calculated to be 0.3% EMS for 3 h. Among the two types of explants analyzed, the corm explant gave better results for in vitro survival and the growth parameters than callus explant. An average of 57.33 and 92.00 daughter cormlets in all EMS treatments as compared to 47.67 and 57.67 daughter cormlets in control, obtained from callus and corm explants respectively, were transferred to the field. The maximum, average daughter cormlet weight was obtained in control (3.01 g, corm explant) followed by 0.1% EMS (2.8 g, corm explant). In general, the growth parameters showed decreasing trend with an increase in EMS concentration in both the explants. The present study has been a significant achievement in the sense that the first mutagenesis protocol for has been standardized.
藏红花（Crocus sativus L.）是一种三倍体（2n = 3x = 24）的不育地下茎植物，只能通过地下营养球茎进行繁殖。由于球茎增殖不会引起基因组变异，因此，预计整个藏红花种群具有相似的遗传组成。鉴于该植物的经济重要性及其低产的影响因素，本研究旨在建立一种体外甲基磺酸乙酯（EMS）诱变方案，随后对后代诱导变异进行表征。本报告仅限于体外诱变方案的标准化。在所测试的诱变处理中，0.1%至0.5%的EMS浓度导致外植体存活率不同。根据各种生长参数，计算出3小时的半致死剂量（LD）为0.3%的EMS。在分析的两种外植体类型中，球茎外植体在体外存活和生长参数方面比愈伤组织外植体效果更好。在所有EMS处理中，从愈伤组织和球茎外植体分别获得的平均子球茎数为57.33和92.00个，而对照分别为47.67和57.67个，这些子球茎被转移到田间。最大平均子球茎重量在对照中获得（3.01克，球茎外植体），其次是0.1%的EMS处理（2.8克，球茎外植体）。一般来说，随着EMS浓度的增加，两种外植体的生长参数均呈下降趋势。从首次标准化藏红花诱变方案的意义上来说，本研究取得了重大成果。
