Boyer Ty W, Wang Matthew
Department of Psychology, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA, USA.
Atten Percept Psychophys. 2018 Oct;80(7):1654-1659. doi: 10.3758/s13414-018-1590-z.
The present study is a replication and extension of previous research examining the effects of others' gaze direction and gaze shifts on both participants' (N = 32) manual responses, as an indicator of covert processes, and their visual attention, as an indicator of overt processes, within an experimental response time (RT) paradigm, under both fixed- and free-viewing instructions. Participants viewed arrays of faces displaying direct or averted gaze, which shifted or held their gaze, concurrent with the presentation of a target letter that participants had to identify overlaid on one face, all while their gaze was recorded with an eye-tracking system. Participants' RTs and eye movements both revealed faster responses when the target face displayed either direct or shifted gaze, and especially when its gaze had shifted from averted to direct, though these effects were modulated by the viewing instructions. Thus, the findings replicate and extend previous research by revealing that direct gaze and dynamic motion onset affect both covert and overt attention.
本研究是对先前研究的重复和扩展，该研究在实验反应时（RT）范式下，在固定观看和自由观看指示下，考察他人的注视方向和注视转移对参与者（N = 32）的手动反应（作为隐蔽过程的指标）及其视觉注意力（作为公开过程的指标）的影响。参与者观看显示直视或回避注视的面孔阵列，这些面孔会转移或保持注视，同时呈现一个目标字母，参与者必须识别叠加在一张面孔上的目标字母，在此过程中，他们的注视通过眼动追踪系统进行记录。参与者的反应时和眼动均显示，当目标面孔显示直视或转移注视时，尤其是当它的注视从回避转移到直视时，反应更快，不过这些效应受观看指示的调节。因此，这些发现通过揭示直视和动态运动起始会影响隐蔽和公开注意力，重复并扩展了先前的研究。
