Bekker Charlotte L, Gardarsdottir Helga, Egberts Antoine C G, Bouvy Marcel L, van den Bemt Bart J F
Department of Pharmacy, Sint Maartenskliniek, 6574 NA Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Division Laboratories and Pharmacy, University Medical Centre Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Pharmacy (Basel). 2018 Aug 29;6(3):94. doi: 10.3390/pharmacy6030094.
To identify activities that pharmacists undertake to reduce medication waste, and to assess the extent to which these activities are implemented, their importance for waste-reduction and feasibility for broad implementation. A two-phase survey was conducted among community and hospital pharmacists working in different developed countries. Phase one used an open-ended questionnaire to identify activities undertaken by pharmacists. Answers were thematically analysed to construct a list of medication waste-reducing activities. In phase two, a questionnaire was disseminated among pharmacists from different countries, to assess if these activities are implemented (yes/no), their importance and feasibility (1 to 5 ranking scale). In phase one, 53 pharmacists participated and 14 activities were identified. These were categorized into the pharmaceutical supply chain: prescribing, dispensing (pharmacy/patient-related) and leftover stage. In phase two, 89 pharmacists participated. Most activities were implemented by a minority of pharmacists. Reducing medication amounts in stock was most frequently implemented (dispensing stage pharmacy-related; 86%), followed by collecting unused medications (leftover stage; 77%) and performing a medication review (dispensing stage; 68%). Waste-reducing activities in the dispensing stage activities were both considered most important and feasible (ranked 4). Overall, most activities scored higher on importance than on feasibility. Pharmacists have various opportunities to reduce medication waste throughout the pharmaceutical supply chain, however, not all are broadly implemented. Pharmacists consider waste-reducing activities important, but they are less certain about the feasibility for implementation in practice.
确定药剂师为减少药物浪费而开展的活动，并评估这些活动的实施程度、其对减少浪费的重要性以及广泛实施的可行性。在不同发达国家工作的社区和医院药剂师中进行了两阶段调查。第一阶段使用开放式问卷来确定药剂师开展的活动。对答案进行主题分析，以构建一份减少药物浪费活动的清单。在第二阶段，向来自不同国家的药剂师发放问卷，以评估这些活动是否得到实施（是/否）、其重要性和可行性（1至5级评分量表）。在第一阶段，53名药剂师参与，确定了14项活动。这些活动被归类到药品供应链的各个环节：开处方、配药（与药房/患者相关）和剩余阶段。在第二阶段，89名药剂师参与。大多数活动只有少数药剂师实施。减少库存药物数量的活动实施频率最高（与配药阶段药房相关；86%），其次是收集未使用的药物（剩余阶段；77%）和进行用药审查（配药阶段；68%）。配药阶段的减少浪费活动被认为最重要且最可行（排名第4）。总体而言，大多数活动在重要性方面的得分高于可行性方面。药剂师在整个药品供应链中有各种减少药物浪费的机会，然而，并非所有机会都得到广泛实施。药剂师认为减少浪费活动很重要，但他们对在实践中实施的可行性不太确定。
