Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
Am J Phys Anthropol. 2018 Oct;167(2):337-347. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.23634. Epub 2018 Aug 29.
The approximately 250 years old remains of the Kwädąy Dän Ts'ìnchį man were found in a glacier in Canada. Studying the state of preservation of the corpse, we observed black deposits in his lung. Following this observation we wanted to determine: (1) location of the deposits in the lung tissue, (2) composition and origins of the deposits.
By light microscopy (LM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), we studied the deposits in the Kwädąy Dän Ts'ìnchį man' s lung and compared it with distribution of anthracotic deposits in contemporary samples from the David Harwick Pathology Centre (DHPC). To determine chemical composition of the inclusions we used Raman spectroscopy. Scanning electron microscopy and elemental mapping was used for determine the chemical elements.
The histopathological identification of anthracosis in the Kwädąy Dän Ts'ìnchį man's lung allowed us to distinguish crushed parenchyma from conducting airway tissue and identification of particles using LM and TEM. Crystal particles were found using TEM. Ordered carbonaceous material (graphene and graphite), disordered carbonaceous material (soot) and what might be minerals (likely conglomerates) were found with Raman spectrometry. Gold and lead particles in the lung were discovered with scanning electron microscopy and elemental mapping.
Presence of soot particles in anthracotic areas in the Kwädąy Dän Ts'ìnchį man's lung probably were due to an inhalation of particles in open fires. Gold and lead particles are most likely of an environmental origin and may have been inhaled and could have impacted his health and his Champagne and Aishihik First Nations (CAFN) contemporaries.
在加拿大的一个冰川中发现了大约 250 年前 Kwädąy Dän Ts'ìnchį 男子的遗体。研究尸体的保存状况时，我们观察到他肺部有黑色沉积物。基于这一观察结果，我们想要确定：（1）肺部组织中沉积物的位置，（2）沉积物的组成和来源。
通过光学显微镜（LM）和透射电子显微镜（TEM），我们研究了 Kwädąy Dän Ts'ìnchį 男子肺部的沉积物，并将其与当代来自 David Harwick 病理学中心（DHPC）的煤尘沉积样本的分布进行了比较。为了确定包裹体的化学成分，我们使用了拉曼光谱。扫描电子显微镜和元素映射用于确定化学元素。
在 Kwädąy Dän Ts'ìnchį 男子肺部的组织病理学鉴定中，我们发现了煤尘沉积，这使我们能够区分压缩实质和传导气道组织，并使用 LM 和 TEM 对颗粒进行识别。使用 TEM 发现了晶体颗粒。使用拉曼光谱发现了有序碳质材料（石墨烯和石墨）、无序碳质材料（烟尘）和可能是矿物质（可能是团块）。使用扫描电子显微镜和元素映射发现了肺部中的金和铅颗粒。
在 Kwädąy Dän Ts'ìnchį 男子肺部的煤尘沉积区存在烟尘颗粒，可能是由于吸入开放火源中的颗粒所致。金和铅颗粒很可能来自环境，可能被吸入并影响他的健康和他的香槟和艾希希克第一民族（CAFN）同时代人。
