Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), College de France, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Collège Doctoral, F-75005 Paris, France.
Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), College de France, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005, Paris, France.
Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2019 May;89:147-156. doi: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2018.08.007. Epub 2018 Sep 5.
The extracellular matrix (ECM) of blood vessels, which is composed of both the vascular basement membrane (BM) and the interstitial ECM is identified as a crucial component of the vasculature. We here focus on the unique molecular composition and scaffolding of the capillary ECM, which provides structural support to blood vessels and regulates properties of endothelial cells and pericytes. The major components of the BM are collagen IV, laminins, heparan sulfate proteoglycans and nidogen and also associated proteins such as collagen XVIII and fibronectin. Their organization and scaffolding in the BM is required for proper capillary morphogenesis and maintenance of vascular homeostasis. The BM also regulates vascular mechanosensing. A better understanding of the mechanical and structural properties of the vascular BM and interstitial ECM therefore opens new perspectives to control physiological and pathological angiogenesis and vascular homeostasis. The overall aim of this review is to explain how ECM scaffolding influences angiogenesis and capillary integrity.
血管的细胞外基质（ECM）由血管基底膜（BM）和细胞间质 ECM 组成，被认为是脉管系统的重要组成部分。在这里，我们重点介绍毛细血管 ECM 的独特分子组成和支架结构，它为血管提供结构支持，并调节内皮细胞和周细胞的特性。BM 的主要成分包括胶原 IV、层粘连蛋白、硫酸乙酰肝素蛋白聚糖和巢蛋白，以及相关蛋白如胶原 XVIII 和纤维连接蛋白。它们在 BM 中的组织和支架结构对于毛细血管的正常形态发生和血管内稳态的维持是必需的。BM 还调节血管机械感受器。因此，更好地了解血管 BM 和细胞间质 ECM 的力学和结构特性为控制生理性和病理性血管生成和血管内稳态开辟了新的视角。本篇综述的总体目标是解释 ECM 支架结构如何影响血管生成和毛细血管完整性。
