Department of Pharmacology, Jinling Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China.
Key Laboratory of Biosafety, Ministry of Environmental Protection of China, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Nanjing 210042, China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2018 Nov 30;164:618-628. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.08.038. Epub 2018 Aug 28.
Understanding the community structure of soil microbes is required to evaluate the potential effects of genetically modified (GM) plants on ecological environments. Bacterial communities in soil planted with conventional cotton (CC) and transgenic cultivar (TC) in a natural ecosystem for three years were characterized by 454 pyrosequencing of the V3-V5 and V5-V9 regions of 16S rDNA from June to September 2013. V3-V5 and V5-V9 regions yielded a total of 12,848 and 10,541 OTUs, respectively. The V5-V9 amplicon was additionally used to detect phyla that were poorly sequenced by V3-V5 (such as Chlamydiae, Crenarchaeota and Archaea). Among the species detected by each primer pair, 46% of the species identified from V3-V5 and 60% of those identified from V5-V9 were detected by both primer pairs. Although distinct bacterial compositions existed between the two amplified regions, statistical analysis revealed no significant difference in the diversity indexes or phylogenetic patterns in TC versus compared to those in the CC control. Further, clustering analysis in both regions indicated that there was no unambiguous aggregation in TC compared to that in CC control. Of all 26 phyla detected by both regions, each region detected 2 distinct phyla exhibiting significant variations in abundance. The species unique to each treatment field accounted for less than 27% of all species and were rare taxa (abundance < 0.15%). However, a small fraction of diagnostic taxa with specific ecological functions differed significantly between TC and CC. These differences were not driven by any obvious environmental factors. The results established a comprehensive inventory of the bacterial communities associated with GM plants and indicated that transgenic cotton may not significantly affect soil microorganisms compared with conventional cotton over a three-year period. Furthermore, diagnostic taxa were provided for monitoring the perturbation in soil, but further verification in future studies is required.
了解土壤微生物的群落结构对于评估转基因（GM）植物对生态环境的潜在影响是必要的。2013 年 6 月至 9 月，采用 454 焦磷酸测序技术对自然生态系统中种植常规棉花（CC）和转育品种（TC）三年的土壤细菌 16S rDNA 的 V3-V5 和 V5-V9 区进行了分析。V3-V5 和 V5-V9 区分别产生了 12848 和 10541 个 OTUs。V5-V9 扩增子还用于检测 V3-V5 测序较差的门（如衣原体、古菌和古菌）。在每个引物对检测到的物种中，46%的 V3-V5 鉴定的物种和 60%的 V5-V9 鉴定的物种被两种引物对都检测到。虽然两个扩增区域的细菌组成存在明显差异，但统计分析显示，TC 与 CC 对照的多样性指数或系统发育模式没有显著差异。此外，两个区域的聚类分析表明，TC 与 CC 对照之间没有明确的聚集。在两个区域检测到的所有 26 个门中，每个区域都检测到了两个丰度有显著差异的独特门。每个处理场特有的物种仅占所有物种的不到 27%，而且是稀有类群（丰度<0.15%）。然而，具有特定生态功能的诊断类群在 TC 和 CC 之间有显著差异。这些差异不是由任何明显的环境因素驱动的。这些结果建立了一个与 GM 植物相关的细菌群落的综合清单，并表明在三年内，转基因棉花与常规棉花相比，可能不会显著影响土壤微生物。此外，还提供了诊断类群用于监测土壤的扰动，但需要在未来的研究中进一步验证。
