Department of Dermatology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA.
Division of Infectious Disease, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA.
Am J Clin Dermatol. 2018 Dec;19(6):867-878. doi: 10.1007/s40257-018-0382-5.
Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are a diverse group of organisms that are ubiquitous in the environment, and the incidence of cutaneous infections due to NTM has been steadily increasing. Cutaneous infections due to NTM can be difficult to diagnose, due to their wide spectrum of clinical presentations and histopathological findings that are often nonspecific. A variety of modalities including tissue culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays may be necessary to identify the organism. Treatment can also be challenging, as it can depend on multiple factors, including the causative organism, the patient's immunological status, and the extent of disease involvement. In this review, we discuss the common presentations of cutaneous NTM infections, diagnostic tools, and treatment recommendations. A multi-disciplinary approach that involves good communication between the clinician, the histopathologist, the microbiologist, and infectious disease specialists can help lead to successful diagnosis and management.
非结核分枝杆菌（NTM）是一组广泛存在于环境中的多样化生物体，由于 NTM 引起的皮肤感染的发病率一直在稳步上升。由于 NTM 引起的皮肤感染临床表现和组织病理学表现广泛，且通常不具有特异性，因此诊断较为困难。可能需要多种方法，包括组织培养和聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测来鉴定病原体。治疗也具有挑战性，因为它可能取决于多个因素，包括致病生物体、患者的免疫状态和疾病受累的程度。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了皮肤 NTM 感染的常见表现、诊断工具和治疗建议。涉及临床医生、组织病理学家、微生物学家和传染病专家之间良好沟通的多学科方法有助于成功诊断和管理。
