Borderline & Body Lab, Department of Humanities, University of Urbino, Urbino, Italy.
University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney Medical School, Nepean Clinical School, Discipline of Psychiatry, Sydney, Australia.
Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2019 Jan;32(1):22-26. doi: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000462.
The purpose of this article is to review the most recent literature on psychotic symptoms in borderline personality disorder (BPD).
Both auditory hallucinations and delusional ideation (especially paranoid delusions) are relatively common in individuals with BPD. It is still difficult to distinguish these and related phenomena in BPD from the corresponding experiences in psychotic disorders and schizophrenia, despite numerous attempts to do so. The terminology introduced to help with this effort has not been particularly useful. The presence of auditory hallucinations may affect the course of BPD negatively. Psychotic symptoms in BPD seem to be significantly related to the context (usually stressful events) and appear or intensify in response to situational crisis. The role of certain co-occurring disorders in increasing the risk of psychotic symptoms in BPD remains uncertain.
Psychotic symptoms in BPD continue to be poorly understood. Further research should try to ascertain the relationships between hallucinations and delusions on one hand and the processing of trauma, emotion regulation, distress tolerance and interpersonal sensitivity on the other. Ultimately, such endeavor will contribute to developing more effective treatments for BPD.
本文旨在回顾边缘型人格障碍（BPD）中精神病症状的最新文献。
在 BPD 个体中，幻听和妄想观念（尤其是偏执妄想）都较为常见。尽管人们多次尝试对其进行区分，但仍难以将这些现象及相关现象与精神病性障碍和精神分裂症中的相应体验区分开来。为帮助区分而引入的术语并没有特别有用。幻听的存在可能会对 BPD 的病程产生负面影响。BPD 中的精神病症状似乎与情境（通常是压力事件）密切相关，并且会随着情境危机的出现或加剧而出现或加剧。某些共病障碍在增加 BPD 中出现精神病症状的风险方面的作用仍不确定。
BPD 中的精神病症状仍未被充分理解。进一步的研究应试图确定一方面幻觉和妄想与创伤处理、情绪调节、痛苦耐受力和人际敏感性之间的关系，另一方面则应确定它们与应激相关的精神障碍的关系。最终，此类研究将有助于为 BPD 开发更有效的治疗方法。
