Astorino Todd A, Vella Chantal A
Department of Kinesiology, California State University-San Marcos, San Marcos, CA, USA.
Department of Movement Sciences and WWAMI Medical Education Program, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA.
Physiol Behav. 2018 Nov 1;196:211-217. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.08.017. Epub 2018 Aug 28.
Affect is typically positive at intensities below the lactate or ventilatory threshold, yet more aversive responses occur at supra-threshold intensities which may reduce positive perceptions of exercise. Completion of high intensity interval exercise (HIIE) typically elicits a reduction in affect, yet greater post-exercise enjoyment has been reported in response to HIIE versus moderate intensity continuous exercise (MICE). This study examined affectual responses to HIIE and sprint interval exercise (SIE) in 71 active men and women (age = 24.0 ± 4.8 year). Participants performed various HIIE and SIE regimes on the cycle ergometer during which affect (+5 - -5 scale), rating of perceived exertion (RPE, Borg 1-10 scale), and blood lactate concentration (BLa) were determined. Enjoyment was measured post-exercise using the PACES scale. Predictors of change in these variables in response to exercise were identified using multiple regression. Results showed a significant reduction in affect (p = .001) which was greater (p = .03) with SIE (-5.7 ± 2.7) compared to HIIE (-4.3 ± 2.4). Nevertheless, there was marked variability in the affect response across participants, as its change ranged from -1 to -7 units from pre- to post-exercise in 85% of all sessions. Sixty two percent of the change in affect seen across regimes was explained by baseline affect, BLa, and enjoyment. Significant associations were shown between the change in affect and baseline affect (r = -0.46, p < .001) and change in RPE (r = -0.59, p < .001). In addition, RPE significantly increased in response to HIIE (6.1 ± 1.7) and SIE (6.9 ± 2.0) but was not different (p = .050) between regimes. Our findings document an intensity-dependent relationship between affect and intensity during interval training, as supramaximal intensities elicit a larger decline in affect compared to submaximal intensities. In addition, pre-exercise affect is associated with the magnitude of change in affect reported in response to interval exercise.
在低于乳酸阈值或通气阈值的强度下，情绪通常是积极的，但在阈值以上的强度下会出现更厌恶的反应，这可能会降低对运动的积极感受。完成高强度间歇运动（HIIE）通常会导致情绪下降，但与中等强度持续运动（MICE）相比，有报告称HIIE后的运动后愉悦感更强。本研究调查了71名活跃男性和女性（年龄=24.0±4.8岁）对HIIE和冲刺间歇运动（SIE）的情绪反应。参与者在自行车测力计上进行了各种HIIE和SIE训练，在此期间测定情绪（+5至-5量表）、主观用力程度评分（RPE，Borg 1-10量表）和血乳酸浓度（BLa）。运动后使用PACES量表测量愉悦感。使用多元回归确定这些变量在运动反应中的变化预测因素。结果显示情绪显著下降（p=0.001），与HIIE（-4.3±2.4）相比，SIE（-5.7±2.7）时情绪下降幅度更大（p=0.03）。然而，参与者之间的情绪反应存在显著差异，在85%的训练中，运动前后情绪变化范围为-1至-7个单位。各训练方式间情绪变化的62%可由基线情绪、BLa和愉悦感来解释。情绪变化与基线情绪（r=-0.46，p<0.001）和RPE变化（r=-0.59，p<0.001）之间存在显著关联。此外，HIIE（6.1±1.7）和SIE（6.9±2.0）后RPE显著增加，但两种训练方式之间无差异（p=0.050）。我们的研究结果表明，在间歇训练中，情绪与强度之间存在强度依赖性关系，与次最大强度相比，超最大强度会导致情绪更大幅度下降。此外，运动前情绪与间歇运动后报告的情绪变化幅度相关。
