Kumara Ajantha Sisira, Samaratunge Ramanie
Department of Public Administration, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Gangodawila, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka; Department of Management, Monash Business School, Monash University, Menzies Building, Level 11, Clayton Campus, Victoria, 3800, Australia.
Department of Management, Monash Business School, Monash University, Menzies Building, Level 11, Clayton Campus, Victoria, 3800, Australia.
Econ Hum Biol. 2018 Sep;31:40-53. doi: 10.1016/j.ehb.2018.08.002. Epub 2018 Aug 13.
We investigate the effects of experiencing non-communicable diseases (NCDs) on labour force outcomes of working-age individuals and their households in Sri Lanka. For this, quasi-experimental evidence, including average treatment effects on those treated (ATT), are generated by using the self-reported health survey of the labour force of Sri Lanka. According to the analysis, individuals with at least one NCD account for approximately 19.15% of the working-age population. On average, employment probability, labour supply, and labour earnings of them are significantly lower than those of non-NCD individuals by 9.5% (ATT=-0.102, P < 0.001), 44.6% (ATT=-0.590, P < 0.001), and 47.9% (ATT=-0.652, P < 0.001), respectively. The negative impacts on labour force outcomes are notably larger in the cases of paralysis and mental illness. These NCDs reduce individual labour supply by more than 80% and labour earnings by more than 90%. The employment probability of individuals with paralysis and mental illnesses is also relatively lower by more than 60%. Apart from these individual-level effects, the paper provides evidence on how labour force outcomes at the household level are influenced by NCDs. Our findings demonstrate that the association between individuals' NCD-prevalence and labour force outcomes is relatively stronger for males, informal sector employees, and elderly people. The results suggest several social inclusion policies.
我们研究了在斯里兰卡，患非传染性疾病（NCDs）对工作年龄个体及其家庭劳动力市场结果的影响。为此，我们利用斯里兰卡劳动力自我报告健康调查生成了准实验证据，包括对治疗组的平均治疗效果（ATT）。分析显示，至少患有一种非传染性疾病的个体约占工作年龄人口的19.15%。平均而言，他们的就业概率、劳动力供给和劳动收入显著低于未患非传染性疾病的个体，分别低9.5%（ATT = -0.102，P < 0.001）、44.6%（ATT = -0.590，P < 0.001）和47.9%（ATT = -0.652，P < 0.001）。对于瘫痪和精神疾病患者，对劳动力市场结果产生的负面影响尤为巨大。这些非传染性疾病使个体劳动力供给减少80%以上，劳动收入减少90%以上。瘫痪和精神疾病患者的就业概率也相对低60%以上。除了这些个体层面的影响外，本文还提供了证据，证明非传染性疾病如何影响家庭层面的劳动力市场结果。我们的研究结果表明，男性、非正规部门雇员和老年人的非传染性疾病患病率与劳动力市场结果之间的关联相对更强。研究结果提出了若干社会包容政策。
