Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Otto-Friedrich-University of Bamberg, Bamberg, Germany.
Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany.
Psychiatry Res. 2018 Nov;269:286-292. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.08.029. Epub 2018 Aug 15.
Recent research suggests that automatic cognitive biases are linked to body dissatisfaction and disordered eating behavior. However, little is known about automatic action tendencies in the field of body image research. The aim of the present study was to examine approach and avoidance biases toward the thin body ideal and normal weight bodies and whether these are pronounced in individuals showing disordered eating behavior. Participants were divided into a group with disordered eating behavior (n = 55) and without disordered eating behavior (n = 45). To assess approach and avoidance tendencies, the Approach-Avoidance Task was used during which the participants were instructed to approach or avoid thin and normal weight body pictures. Our results indicated faster push than pull movements towards thin and normal weight body pictures. However, participants with and without disordered eating behavior did not differ with regard to their reactions. Furthermore, we found positive associations between the avoidance of normal weight body pictures and perceived pressure to confirm to media ideals. Future research is warranted to replicate our findings and to extend our knowledge on approach and avoidance biases toward body pictures in patients suffering from eating disorders.
最近的研究表明，自动认知偏见与身体不满和饮食失调行为有关。然而，在身体形象研究领域，人们对自动行为倾向知之甚少。本研究旨在探讨对瘦体型理想和正常体重身体的趋近和回避偏见，以及这些偏见在表现出饮食失调行为的个体中是否明显。参与者分为有饮食失调行为组（n=55）和无饮食失调行为组（n=45）。为了评估趋近和回避倾向，使用趋近回避任务（Approach-Avoidance Task），要求参与者趋近或回避瘦体型和正常体重体型的图片。我们的结果表明，参与者对瘦体型和正常体重体型图片的推动反应快于拉动反应。然而，有和没有饮食失调行为的参与者在反应上没有差异。此外，我们发现回避正常体重体型图片与感知到的迎合媒体理想的压力之间存在正相关。未来的研究需要复制我们的发现，并扩展我们对饮食失调患者对身体图片的趋近和回避偏见的认识。
