Commodity Chemicals From Engineered Modular Type I Polyketide Synthases.

Reduced polyketides are a subclass of natural products that have a variety of medical, veterinary, and agricultural applications and are well known for their structural diversity. Although these compounds do not resemble each other, they are all made by a class of enzymes known as modular polyketide synthases (PKSs). The commonality of PKS domains/modules that compose PKSs and the understanding of the relationship between the sequence of the PKS and the structure of the compound it produces render modular PKSs as excellent targets for engineering to produce novel compounds with predicted structures. Here, we describe experimental protocols and considerations for modular PKS engineering and two case studies to produce commodity chemicals by engineered PKSs.