Klein Hugh, Shiffman Kenneth S
Kensington Research Institute, 401 Schuyler Road, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910,
Cable News Network, Special Investigations Unit, 1 CNN Center, SE 0615B, Atlanta, Georgia 30303,
Int J Child Adolesc health. 2011 Jul-Sep;4(3):265-276.
Relying upon a content analysis of animated cartoons, this study examines the messages provided about gun violence, focusing on the following questions: (1) How prevalent is gun violence in animated cartoons? (2) Has this prevalence changed over time? (3) What characteristics are associated with being a perpetrator of gun violence? (4) What types of effects are shown to result from the perpetration of gun violence? (5) What reasons are given for why cartoon characters use guns? (6) What "types" of characters are victimized by firearms? Results indicate that gun violence is prevalent in cartoons and the prevalence has not diminished over time. Cartoons provide inaccurate information about the characteristics associated with perpetrating or being a victim of gun violence. Oftentimes, the use of firearms is shown to result in no negative consequences to the perpetrator or the victim, and this is true even when victims are shown to be shot. When effects are shown, they tend to be minor in nature. Anger, revenge, and inherent meanspiritedness are the most common reasons implied for why characters commit acts of gun violence.
本研究通过对动画片进行内容分析，考察了其中关于枪支暴力的信息，重点关注以下问题：（1）动画片中枪支暴力有多普遍？（2）这种普遍性随时间有变化吗？（3）枪支暴力实施者有哪些特征？（4）枪支暴力实施会导致哪些类型的后果？（5）卡通人物使用枪支的原因是什么？（6）哪些“类型”的角色会成为枪支暴力的受害者？结果表明，枪支暴力在动画片中很普遍，且这种普遍性并未随时间而减少。动画片提供了关于实施枪支暴力或成为枪支暴力受害者相关特征的不准确信息。通常情况下，展示使用枪支对实施者或受害者都没有负面后果，即使展示受害者被枪击也是如此。当展示后果时，往往性质较轻。愤怒、复仇和天生的恶意是暗示角色实施枪支暴力行为的最常见原因。
