Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia.
Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan.
J Pain Symptom Manage. 2018 Dec;56(6):920-927. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2018.08.016. Epub 2018 Aug 31.
Little is known about cancer-related symptoms in terms of prevalence, severity, and distress among patients with cancer in Indonesia because of a lack of a valid and reliable scale.
To translate and validate the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale (MSAS) among cancer patients in Indonesia.
Two procedures consisting of forward-backward translation and validation were conducted. The validation process including pretesting involved 34 cancer patients, and the psychometric testing of the Indonesian version of MSAS (MSAS-I) involved 207 cancer patients. Internal consistency, test-retest reliability, construct, and concurrent validity of the MSAS-I were established.
Cronbach's alpha coefficients for the total scale and subscales of the MSAS-I ranged from 0.75 to 0.87. The interclass correlations for test-retest reliability ranged from 0.80 to 0.89. A two-factor structure in the MSAS-I was produced by exploratory factor analysis, and the two factors accounted for 28.34% of the cumulative variance. In addition, the concurrent validity was demonstrated by the significant associations between the subscales of the MSAS-I and their corresponding subscales in the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-C30, with r = -0.25 to -0.65 (all P < 0.001).
The MSAS-I presents a valid and reliable scale for assessing symptom frequency, severity, and distress among patients with cancer in Indonesia.
The MSAS-I can assess physical and psychological symptoms during cancer treatment. In addition, the MSAS-I may facilitate in measuring the effectiveness of symptom management strategies.
由于缺乏有效的、可靠的量表，印度尼西亚癌症患者的癌症相关症状的流行率、严重程度和困扰情况知之甚少。
将 Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale（MSAS）翻译成印度尼西亚语，并对其进行验证。
进行了两项程序，包括正向-反向翻译和验证。验证过程包括预测试，涉及 34 名癌症患者，而 MSAS 印度尼西亚版本（MSAS-I）的心理测量测试则涉及 207 名癌症患者。建立了 MSAS-I 的内部一致性、重测信度、结构和同时效度。
MSAS-I 总量表和子量表的克朗巴赫 α 系数范围为 0.75 至 0.87。重测信度的组内相关系数范围为 0.80 至 0.89。通过探索性因子分析得出 MSAS-I 的两因素结构，这两个因素占累积方差的 28.34%。此外，通过 MSAS-I 的子量表与其在欧洲癌症研究与治疗组织生存质量问卷核心 30 中的相应子量表之间的显著相关性，证明了其同时效度，r 值为-0.25 至-0.65（均 P<0.001）。
MSAS-I 是一种有效且可靠的量表，可用于评估印度尼西亚癌症患者的症状频率、严重程度和困扰。
MSAS-I 可以评估癌症治疗期间的身体和心理症状。此外，MSAS-I 可以帮助衡量症状管理策略的效果。
