Budasha Ngabo Herbert, Gonzalez Jean-Paul, Sebhatu Tesfaalem Tekleghiorghis, Arnold Ezama
Kisoro District Local Government, Department of Production and Marketing, Office of the District Veterinary Officer, P.O Box 123, Kisoro, Uganda.
Center of Excellence for Emerging & Zoonotic Animal Disease (CEEZAD) Kansas State University, Office Park, 1800 Kimball Ave, Suite 130, Manhattan, KS, 66502, USA.
BMC Vet Res. 2018 Sep 3;14(1):271. doi: 10.1186/s12917-018-1596-8.
Rift Valley fever (RVF) is classified as viral hemorrhagic fever and is endemic in East and West Africa. RVF is caused by an arthropod borne virus (RVFV); the disease is zoonotic and affects human, animal health as well as international trade. In livestock it causes abortions, while human infection occurs through close contact with infected animals or animal products.
A quantitative observational study using stratified sampling was conducted in the western region of Uganda. Blood samples and abortion events from 1000 livestock (goats, sheep and cattle) was collected and recorded. Serum was analyzed for RVFV IgG reacting antibodies using competitive ELISA test.
The overall RVFV seroprevalence was of 10.4% (104/1000). Cattle had the highest seroprevalence (7%) followed by Sheep (2.2%) then goats (1.2%). Species specific RVFV seroprevalence was highest in cattle (20.5%) followed by sheep (6.8%) then goats (3.6%). RVFV seroprevalence in northern highlands (21.8%) was significantly higher (p < 0.001) than in the southern lowlands (3.7%). Overall prevalence of abortion was (17.4%), sheep had the highest prevalence of abortion (7.8%) followed by goats (6.3%) and then cattle (3.3%). Species specific abortion prevalence was highest in Sheep (24.1%) followed by goats (18.8%) and then 9.7% in cattle.
RVFV is endemic in Kisoro district and livestock in the highland areas are more likely to be exposed to RVFV infection compared to those in the southern lowlands. Out breaks in livestock most likely will lead to zoonotic infection in Kisoro district.
裂谷热（RVF）被归类为病毒性出血热，在东非和西非流行。裂谷热由一种节肢动物传播病毒（裂谷热病毒，RVFV）引起；该疾病是人畜共患病，影响人类、动物健康以及国际贸易。在牲畜中，它会导致流产，而人类通过与受感染动物或动物产品密切接触而感染。
在乌干达西部地区进行了一项采用分层抽样的定量观察性研究。收集并记录了1000头牲畜（山羊、绵羊和牛）的血样及流产事件。使用竞争性酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）试验分析血清中针对RVFV IgG反应性抗体。
RVFV总体血清阳性率为10.4%（104/1000）。牛的血清阳性率最高（7%），其次是绵羊（2.2%），然后是山羊（1.2%）。特定物种的RVFV血清阳性率在牛中最高（20.5%），其次是绵羊（6.8%），然后是山羊（3.6%）。北部高地的RVFV血清阳性率（21.8%）显著高于南部低地（3.7%）（p < 0.001）。流产的总体发生率为（17.4%），绵羊的流产发生率最高（7.8%），其次是山羊（6.3%），然后是牛（3.3%）。特定物种的流产发生率在绵羊中最高（24.1%），其次是山羊（18.8%），然后是牛（9.7%）。
RVFV在基索罗区流行，与南部低地的牲畜相比，高地地区的牲畜更有可能接触到RVFV感染。基索罗区牲畜的疫情很可能会导致人畜共患病感染。
