Matarredona Esperanza R, Talaverón Rocío, Pastor Angel M
Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain.
Front Cell Neurosci. 2018 Aug 20;12:268. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00268. eCollection 2018.
The adult subventricular zone (SVZ) of the mammalian brain contains neural progenitor cells (NPCs) that continuously produce neuroblasts throughout life. These neuroblasts migrate towards the olfactory bulb where they differentiate into local interneurons. The neurogenic niche of the SVZ includes, in addition to NPCs and neuroblasts, astrocytes, ependymal cells, blood vessels and the molecules released by these cell types. In the last few years, microglial cells have also been included as a key component of the SVZ neurogenic niche. Microglia in the SVZ display unique phenotypic features, and are more densely populated and activated than in non-neurogenic regions. In this article we will review literature reporting microglia-NPC interactions in the SVZ and the role of this bilateral communication in microglial function and in NPC biology. This interaction can take place through the release of soluble factors, extracellular vesicles or gap junctional communication. In addition, as NPCs are used for cell replacement therapies, they can establish therapeutically relevant crosstalks with host microglia which will also be summarized throughout the article.
哺乳动物大脑的成年脑室下区（SVZ）含有神经祖细胞（NPCs），这些细胞在一生中持续产生神经母细胞。这些神经母细胞向嗅球迁移，在那里它们分化为局部中间神经元。SVZ的神经发生微环境除了包含NPCs和神经母细胞外，还包括星形胶质细胞、室管膜细胞、血管以及这些细胞类型释放的分子。在过去几年中，小胶质细胞也被纳入SVZ神经发生微环境的关键组成部分。SVZ中的小胶质细胞表现出独特的表型特征，并且比非神经发生区域的小胶质细胞分布更密集且更活跃。在本文中，我们将综述报道SVZ中小胶质细胞与NPCs相互作用以及这种双向通讯在小胶质细胞功能和NPC生物学中的作用的文献。这种相互作用可以通过可溶性因子的释放、细胞外囊泡或间隙连接通讯来实现。此外，由于NPCs被用于细胞替代疗法，它们可以与宿主小胶质细胞建立治疗相关的相互作用，本文也将对此进行总结。
