Zang Liqing, Maddison Lisette A, Chen Wenbiao
Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States.
Graduate School of Regional Innovation Studies, Mie University, Tsu, Japan.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2018 Aug 20;6:91. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2018.00091. eCollection 2018.
Obesity and diabetes now considered global epidemics. The prevalence rates of diabetes are increasing in parallel with the rates of obesity and the strong connection between these two diseases has been coined as "diabesity." The health risks of overweight or obesity include Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), coronary heart disease and cancer of numerous organs. Both obesity and diabetes are complex diseases that involve the interaction of genetics and environmental factors. The underlying pathogenesis of obesity and diabetes are not well understood and further research is needed for pharmacological and surgical management. Consequently, the use of animal models of obesity and/or diabetes is important for both improving the understanding of these diseases and to identify and develop effective treatments. Zebrafish is an attractive model system for studying metabolic diseases because of the functional conservation in lipid metabolism, adipose biology, pancreas structure, and glucose homeostasis. It is also suited for identification of novel targets associated with the risk and treatment of obesity and diabetes in humans. In this review, we highlight studies using zebrafish to model metabolic diseases, and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of studying pathologies associated with obesity and diabetes in zebrafish.
肥胖和糖尿病如今被视为全球性流行病。糖尿病的患病率正随着肥胖率的上升而增加，这两种疾病之间的紧密联系被称为“糖尿病型肥胖症”。超重或肥胖的健康风险包括2型糖尿病（T2DM）、冠心病和多种器官的癌症。肥胖和糖尿病都是复杂的疾病，涉及遗传和环境因素的相互作用。肥胖和糖尿病的潜在发病机制尚未完全明确，药物和手术治疗方面还需要进一步研究。因此，使用肥胖和/或糖尿病动物模型对于增进对这些疾病的了解以及识别和开发有效治疗方法都很重要。由于斑马鱼在脂质代谢、脂肪生物学、胰腺结构和葡萄糖稳态方面具有功能保守性，它是研究代谢疾病的一个有吸引力的模型系统。它也适用于识别与人类肥胖和糖尿病风险及治疗相关的新靶点。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了利用斑马鱼模拟代谢疾病的研究，并讨论了在斑马鱼中研究与肥胖和糖尿病相关病理的优缺点。
