Nayyar Nikita, Saggio Greg, Plummer Maria, Jung Min-Kyung, Kappenberg John
J Am Osteopath Assoc. 2018 Sep 1;118(9):587-595. doi: 10.7556/jaoa.2018.142.
Recent studies suggest the shortage of US primary care physicians will be more than 50,000 by the year 2025. Mindful osteopathic medical students may be more inclined to pursue a career in primary care practice than those demonstrating lower levels of mindfulness. If so, assessing mindfulness before and after admission to medical school may reduce this shortage.
In this cross-sectional survey-based study, the authors assessed whether mindfulness among preclinical osteopathic medical students was associated with (a) their current preference for primary care practice as a residency, and (b) their choice between 2 alternative curricula.
Participants were first- and second-year osteopathic medical students enrolled at the New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine (NYITCOM). They completed a 7-factor questionnaire of demographic variables and the online Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) to determine their mindfulness score. They also identified their current preference for a residency. Data were then presented using various descriptive statistics and analyzed using independent t tests, χ2 tests, and multiple logistic regression.
Among the 208 respondents, authors found that osteopathic medical students who expressed a preference for primary care practice showed no significant differences in mindfulness compared with those interested in specialist fields, as indicated by mean (SD) mindfulness scores of 3.34 (0.44) vs 3.33 (0.41), respectively (P=.88). However, among demographic variables, female students expressed a preference for primary care practice fields at significantly higher rates than male students (OR, 4.4; 95% CI, 2.2-8.5; P<.001). Also, students who matriculated less than 6 months after completing their undergraduate education were drawn to primary care practice at higher rates than those who delayed enrollment (OR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.2-4.5; P=.016). None of the remaining demographic variables were associated with students' residency preference.
Being female and matriculating immediately after undergraduate education was associated with a preference for primary care residency. However, no significant association was found between mindfulness and either residency preference or choice of alternative curricula.
近期研究表明，到2025年美国初级保健医生的短缺将超过50000人。与正念水平较低的学生相比，正念程度较高的整骨医学专业学生可能更倾向于从事初级保健工作。如果是这样，在医学院入学前后评估正念水平可能会减少这种短缺。
在这项基于横断面调查的研究中，作者评估了临床前整骨医学专业学生的正念是否与（a）他们目前作为住院医师对初级保健工作的偏好，以及（b）他们在两种替代课程之间的选择有关。
参与者为纽约理工学院整骨医学院（NYITCOM）的一年级和二年级整骨医学专业学生。他们完成了一份关于人口统计学变量的7因素问卷和在线五因素正念问卷（FFMQ），以确定他们的正念得分。他们还确定了自己目前对住院医师培训的偏好。然后使用各种描述性统计方法呈现数据，并使用独立t检验、χ2检验和多元逻辑回归进行分析。
在208名受访者中，作者发现，与对专科领域感兴趣的学生相比，表达了对初级保健工作偏好的整骨医学专业学生在正念方面没有显著差异，平均（标准差）正念得分分别为3.34（0.44）和3.33（0.41）（P = 0.88）。然而，在人口统计学变量中，女生表达对初级保健工作领域偏好的比例显著高于男生（比值比，4.4；95%置信区间，2.2 - 8.5；P < 0.001）。此外，本科教育完成后不到6个月就入学的学生比延迟入学的学生更倾向于选择初级保健工作（比值比，2.3；95%置信区间，1.2 - 4.5；P = 0.016）。其余人口统计学变量均与学生对住院医师培训的偏好无关。
女性以及本科教育后立即入学与对初级保健住院医师培训的偏好有关。然而，未发现正念与住院医师培训偏好或替代课程选择之间存在显著关联。
