Odeniran Paul Olalekan, Macleod Ewan Thomas, Ademola Isaiah Oluwafemi, Welburn Susan Christina
Department of Veterinary Parasitology and Entomology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Deanery of Biomedical Sciences, Edinburgh Medical School, College of Medicine & Veterinary Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, 1 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2019 Nov;51(8):2117-2126. doi: 10.1007/s11250-018-1694-4. Epub 2018 Sep 3.
Significant increases in human and livestock populations coupled with agricultural practices have changed the socioeconomic perspectives of livestock diseases. Evaluating the socioeconomic impact of bovine trypanosomosis and its vectors (Glossina, Tabanus and Stomoxys) from the perspective of the livestock owners is of great significance. Participatory rural appraisal was conducted among 209 livestock owners (focus groups) to determine the behavioural practices of animal husbandary to bovine trypanosomosis. In Nigeria, common Trypanosoma species found in cattle are Trypanosoma vivax, Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanosoma brucei. Trypanosomosis peaks were reported by owners to be in the months of March-August. A total of 70.8% (95%CI 64.32-76.56%) cattle owners perceived trypanosomosis as a major disease in their herd, 13.4% (95%CI 9.43-18.68%) practiced transhumance in the wet season and 93.9% (95%CI 88.58-96.92%) make use of trypanocides, and approximately US$ 8.4 million is spent annually on trypanocides in southwest Nigeria livestock industry. About 60.5% (95%CI 51.84-68.48) make use of insecticides against transmitting vectors, and only 1.9% (95%CI 0.75-4.82%) have ever heard of any form of government intervention scheme. Estimated losses ≥ US$ 426 (80-100% loss) can be incurred on a single animal depending on the size and market value. There is significant increase (16.2%, 95%CI 11.15-23.00%, P < 0.05) in the mortality rate of bovine trypanosomosis when compared to other livestock diseases. It will therefore be useful to involve the livestock owners with devising new and integrated measures for reducing the impact of this trypanosomosis.
人类和牲畜数量的显著增加以及农业生产方式的改变，已经改变了牲畜疾病的社会经济状况。从牲畜所有者的角度评估牛锥虫病及其传播媒介（舌蝇、虻和厩螫蝇）的社会经济影响具有重要意义。对209名牲畜所有者（焦点小组）进行了参与式农村评估，以确定畜牧业针对牛锥虫病的行为做法。在尼日利亚，牛身上常见的锥虫种类有活跃锥虫、刚果锥虫和布氏锥虫。牲畜所有者报告称锥虫病发病高峰期在3月至8月。共有70.8%（95%置信区间64.32 - 76.56%）的养牛户认为锥虫病是其牛群中的主要疾病，13.4%（95%置信区间9.43 - 18.68%）在雨季进行季节性游牧，93.9%（95%置信区间88.58 - 96.92%）使用杀锥虫剂，在尼日利亚西南部畜牧业中，每年在杀锥虫剂上的花费约为840万美元。约60.5%（95%置信区间51.84 - 68.48）使用杀虫剂来对付传播媒介，只有1.9%（95%置信区间0.75 - 4.82%）听说过任何形式的政府干预计划。根据牲畜的大小和市场价值，每头牲畜可能遭受高达426美元（损失80 - 100%）的估计损失。与其他牲畜疾病相比，牛锥虫病的死亡率显著上升（16.2%，95%置信区间11.15 - 23.00%，P < 0.05）。因此，让牲畜所有者参与制定新的综合措施以减少这种锥虫病的影响将是有益的。
